ALMA住宅：Paramount Residence ALMA

公司：	Plasma Studio	Type：	建筑
Area：	意大利	Label：	别墅私宅 \| 庭院花园

这个项目旨在解决两个问题：（1）Alma住宅是一个私人住宅，包括6个从60年代保留下来的度假公寓，装饰有一个倾斜的屋顶，是否需要公共流通和服务中心是第一个要思考的问题。（2）项目建筑师乌拉•赫尔Ulla Hell 需要为她在山地社区生活的五口之家寻找一个新家。结果是：一个未被充分利用的屋顶空间被一个角形的顶冠所取代，通过主人翻新的脊梁连接到一楼的接待空间和建筑办公室。

This project was conceived to fulfill a two-part problematic: (1) Residence Alma--a Tyrolean guest house with 6 holiday apartments from the 1960s adorned with a pitched roof--was due for a common circulation and service core, and (2) the project architect, Ulla Hell, was looking for a new home for her young family of five in the mountain community of Sesto, Alto Adige. The result: an under-utilized roof space gave way to an angular crown, connected to a ground floor reception space and architectural office by the host’s renovated spine.

©Hertha Hurnaus

2007年，随着斯特拉塔酒店的加入，Plasma工作室已经在附近的Königswarte住宅上留下了自己的印记，Plasma工作室也在寻求一个类似的表皮组织形态。落叶松木材的带状部分借用了附近的Strata的形态，挤压形成两条路径。第一条路径延伸穿过场地，与建筑两端的地形相匹配，并向上攀爬围合了一个三层阳台。

Having already made their mark on nearby Residence Königswarte with the addition of the Strata Hotel in 2007, Plasma Studio sought to follow a similar skin organization. A timber strip section in larch wood was borrowed from the neighbouring Strata and extruded along two paths. The first stretches across the site, picking up the topography on either end of the building and climbing to enclose a third storey balcony.

©Hertha Hurnaus

第二条小路将木材表皮从后面拉上来，围绕着烟囱折叠回到地面。外墙和木条之间的间隙空间在一层扩大，提供了有遮蔽的户外生活空间。设计团队使用参数化建模软件优化这些木条的密度金属底层结构，平衡预算，美观性，隐私空间和景观空间，提高了整个设计阶段的灵活性，并以高效的速度输出预制构件的施工图。

A second path draws the timber skin up from behind, folding around the chimney to return to the ground. Interstitial spaces between the exterior walls and wooden bands swell at ground level to offer sheltered outdoor living spaces. The design team employed parametric modelling software to optimize the density of these timber strips and their metal substrustructure, balancing budget, aesthetics, privacy and views. This approach allowed for flexibility throughout the design phase and output shop drawings for pre-fabricated elements at an efficient pace.

©Hertha Hurnaus

但是，Alma附加的部分在体积计算方法上与地层不同。多房间酒店结构的实际约束要求模块沿着连接的脊梁有规律地分布。在Alma中，我们利用更灵活方式来创造独特的空间体验。内部空间通过木条从外部清晰可见，真实地描绘了里面有趣的活动。这个住宅的内部有360度的环绕视野。最壮观的是通过中央楼梯上的一个天窗看到的天空。通过这个开放的天窗可以获得一个即时的外部天气状况，也可以收集降水和直接接收阳光。

The Alma addition departs, however, from the Strata in its approach to volume. The practical constraints of a multiroom hotel structure called for a regular distribution of modules along a connecting spine.With the Alma, we took advantage of a more flexible program to create unique spatial conditions. These interior volumes are rendered legible from the exterior by the timber strips--an honest depiction of the playful activity within. The interior of this family home is characterized by 360-degree views. Perhaps the most spectacular of these being a view of the sky through an incision over the central stair. This opening delivers an immediate reading of exterior weather conditions, collecting precipitation and receiving direct sunlight.

©Hertha Hurnaus

主要的起居空间分为两层，一楼的卧室在一条带天窗的走廊外，二楼有一间开放式厨房、餐厅和家庭娱乐室，环绕着一座壁炉。通过在正交的核心空间中将功能元素分组，解放了周边空间。主要生活空间的外墙向内塌陷，以捕捉光线、景观和不同程度的围合。住宅中的所有生活空间都可以通过一系列露台或花园直接通向室外。它的多个入口点包括：通过内部连接到邻近住宅的主入口，一系列遵循自然地形的开口，以及连接三层露台到花园的外部楼梯。每个居民都可以找到自己最喜欢的路线。

The main living spaces are split over two floors with first floor bedrooms off a skylit corridor, and an open plan kitchen, dining and family room encircling a fireplace on the second floor. By grouping functional elements in orthogonal cores, the surrounding space is liberated. The exterior walls of the main living spaces collapse inwards to catch light, views and varying degrees of enclosure. All living spaces in the private residence have direct access to the outside through a series terraces or gardens. Its multiple access points include: a main entrance through an internal connection to the neighbouring house, a series of openings that follow the natural topography, and an external stair connecting the third floor terrace to the garden. Each inhabitant has come to find their own favourite route.

©Hertha Hurnaus

由于扩建部分位于陡峭的地形中，地下结构采用钢筋混凝土，而上部结构由预制交叉叠层木材(CLT)建造，用木材纤维绝缘，并用黑色沥青密封。镀锌钢结构上落叶松木条的外表皮是根据上述参数模型的成本和美观性来确定的。统一的颜色序列被应用到外部，使体量从远处看融入周围的山坡。

Limited material and colour palettes give strength to the space, with splashes of colour in the children’s washroom. The otherwise white walls provide a backdrop for an ever-changing display of shadows from the pleated roof above. As the extension sits within the steep topography, substructural elements were developed in reinforced concrete, while the superstructure was built from prefabricated cross laminated timber (CLT) insulated with wood fiber and sealed with black bitumen. The outer skin in larch wood strips on a galvanized steel structure was determined according to cost and aesthetics by the aforementioned parametric model. A consistently limited colour code was applied to the exterior, allowing the volume to dissolve into the surrounding hillside when viewed from afar.

©Plasma Studio

通过对形式、材料和视图的使用，这一新完成的附加部分在三个尺度上与它的上下文相呼应。第一个，也是最直接的东道主：“作为阿尔玛公寓的补充，它共享一个新装修的核心，通过阿尔玛的笛卡尔骨架，将分形几何从屋顶一直带到Plasma的意大利办公室。”第二，与它的邻居：“Strata和Alma一起定义了下一代家族式酒店综合体。”最后，还有它的地形：雕塑的加入并不是作为寄生虫，而是作为现有房屋和周围地形之间的媒介，从景观中像地衣一样延伸。

Through its use of form, materials and views, this newly completed addition flirts with its context at three scales. The first, and most immediate, with its host: as an addition to the Alma residence, it shares a newly renovated core, carrying the fractal geometry from the roof down to Plasma’s Italian office through the Alma’s cartesian skeleton. The second, with its neighbour: together the Strata and the Alma define the next generation of the family-owned hotel complex. And finally, with its terrain: the sculptural addition acts, not as a parasite, but as a mediator between the existing house and surrounding topography, extending from the landscape like a lichen.