巴西Casamirador Savassi住宅楼

CASAMIRADOR Savassi住宅楼于2021年完工，项目位于巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州的Belo Horizonte，这座设计大胆的建筑在当地景观中脱颖而出。建筑包含14间公寓和24间工作室，分布在九个楼层。建筑坐落在一个宽度仅12.7米的狭窄地段，其体积带来的挑战是影响方案的因素之一，也为建筑带来了独特的特征。

The CASAMIRADOR Savassi residential building, completed in 2021, is located in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and features boldly designed architecture that stands out in the local landscape. The building has 14 lofts and 24 studios, and is spread over nine floors in a construction located on a narrow lot, with a width of 12.7 meters. The challenge of its volumetric mathematics, to respect distances, was one of the factors that influenced non-obvious decisions resulting in architecture created with its own identity.

▽项目位置

建筑结构间的相互依赖性带来了极大的创作自由，最终形成了住宅最突出的元素：建筑的第二层“皮肤”，像一件衣服一样“穿”在建筑物上，赋予其独特的外形特征。外层使用铝材料，漆成大地般的红棕褐色，象征着米纳斯吉拉斯州土地丰富的原矿资源。

The interdependence between the building’s structure and the architectural project enabled great creative freedom, culminating in the most prominent element: a second skin that “wears” the building like a garment, giving it unique characteristics. The material used was aluminum, painted in an earthy reddish sepia tone that alludes to the abundance in Minas Gerais of raw ore.

为了获得轻盈感和通透性，设计师在铝板上制造了不同尺寸的穿孔，虽不对称但却保持整体和谐，使得建筑可以由内到外获得通透感，城市景观通过建筑的肌理暴露出来。但从外面却无法看到内部，保证了居民的私密性。该元素还使建筑物得以探索丰富的效果，从隐藏较小的功能窗口到撕裂肌理露出大面积的建筑体量。这些窗户作为建筑宽敞的开口，使城市成为房屋的延伸，同时提供了充足的光线和通风。开口的混凝土框架与建筑的锈红色形成鲜明对比。

In order to obtain lightness and transparency, the aluminum sheets received perforations in different sizes, and were made in an asymmetrical, yet harmonic way. That process makes it possible to see through them from the inside out, where city views are exposed through the skin. However, from the outside looking in, it isn't possible to see the interior, guaranteeing privacy to the resident. This element also made it possible to explore a rich range of effects, from hiding smaller, functional windows, to tearing the skin to expose the large spans. Conceived as generous openings, these windows allow the city to become an extension of the house, with abundant light and ventilation. The concrete frames of the openings contrast with the predominant oxidized color.

▽建筑结构示意

覆盖建筑物的“皮肤”也为提供了热舒适性。通过可再生空气床垫提供遮阳和良好的通风条件。从这个角度来看，可持续性指导了该项目的很大一部分选择。由于土地尺寸减小，安装设备或光伏板的屋顶空间最小，因此需要找到一种解决方案，以避免更多的热量进入内部损害空调系统。

The skin covering the building also provides thermal comfort to the units. Away from the masonry, it provides shading of the fences and good ventilation through a mattress of renewable air. From that perspective, sustainability guided a large part of the project’s choices. Due to the reduced dimensions of the land, and minimal rooftop space for installing equipment or photovoltaic panels, it was necessary to find a solution that would avoid the entry of heat, to the detriment of an air conditioning project.

建筑的金字塔形由体量交错产生，因此在砖石的外表面以及“皮肤”的内表面上分配技术区域具有可实现性，使建筑得以采用清洁和无装饰的塑料材料。

The building’s pyramidal shape, which is the result of staggering, also made it possible to allocate technical areas on the external face of the masonry, as well as on the internal face of the skin, ensuring a clean and unadorned plastic.

项目的另一个亮点是如何将这座金字塔形的建筑放在地面上，并与地面仅产生一个点的轻接触。在巴西建筑师Oscar Niemeyer及其作品的影响下，团队建造了一个“V”形的支撑柱。

Another highlight of the project concerns the challenge of placing the pyramid on the ground, touching the land lightly at a single point. Under the influence of Brazilian architect, Oscar Niemeyer, a “V”-shaped pillar was created, which is widely used in his works.

最后，为了确保立面的平整度，建筑外壳的四个侧面都采用弯曲形态，以此增强其坚固性。虽然板材是随机穿孔的，接缝对齐并且体积和谐，但进行了几项研究，直到最终的固定模型产生了板材的对齐和每个楼层的中点。该研究确保了固定板材的二级结构的优化：每层仅有三个水平型材，并且上下型材也组合在一起以固定相邻楼层的板材。最终采用覆盖板，这是框架和结构之间结合的结果。三个元素在立面上交替出现，以确保材料无污染并保持简洁的外观。

Finally, to ensure flatness on the facades, the sheets were bent on all four sides, thus increasing their rigidity. Although the sheets were randomly perforated, the joints were aligned and the volume was harmonious, several studies were carried out until the final fixing model produced an alignment of the slabs and the midpoint of each floor. The study ensured optimization in the secondary structure for fixing the plates: there are only three horizontal profiles per floor, and the upper and lower profiles were also combined to fix the plates of the adjacent floors. The final plastic is the result of a marriage between covering sheets, frames, and structure. There are three elements that alternate on the facades with greater or lesser relevance of the skin, ensuring a clean and unadorned plastic.

▽分层平面图

▽立面图

▽剖面图

Technical sheet

Official project name: Casamirador Savassi

Location: Belo Horizonte, Brasil

Client: Casamirador Incorporações

Architect/design: Gisele Borges

Project Manager: Ulisses Mikhail Itokawa

Collaborators: Helena Hostalácio, Iara Pimenta, Mariana Correa, Manuela Fratezzi, Luiza Menicucci, Gabriela Jacobina e Victor Lamounier.

Project Team: Acoustics: Opus,

HVAC: Protherm,

Structure: Bedê Consultoria e Projetos

Glazing and metal facade: Aludesign Contencions: Geomec Engenheiros Consultores, Installations: Projelet Projetos e Sistemas Prediais Ltda

Construction completion date: 2021