台丰高尔夫球场嘉卿会所

力度、优雅、以及完美的平衡，正是高尔夫球运动最主要的姿态。无独有偶，一座建筑从设计到建造的过程亦复如是。注意！那个动作看起来是如此地简单，但简单的背后总免不了更多的付出。任何案子都不可能在第一时间拿定主意，即使总要有个想法，但接踵而至的却是和原始构想不见得大有关联的努力和取舍。不过在意大利文里有个说法──a posteriori──指涉一种后设的分析，它有助于辨识出一开始的起手式对成果有多大影响，那可能是完工后的我们都已经难以判断的一种态度、一个概念、或者某种状态。

The principal movement in the Game of Golf, a mix of power and elegance, and perfect balance. Expressing the entire process of design and construction of a Building is a common problem. There is something else, beyond the simple technical gesture or response to a brief, be that brief more or less complex. A Project cannot be measured by the first move, even though it is the fundamental move. It has to carry a great deal of energy, a great elegance, even if doing so discretely. An “a posteriori” analysis allows us to discern just how important that first move is, or the attitude, or concept, or the something which we don’t find easy to explain.

位在台湾中部的彰化县，台丰高尔夫球场的重新规划从一个以尊荣俱乐部为首的建筑方案展开。最初的蓝图，只是要打造一座全新的俱乐部会所，即今天的嘉卿会所（Chia-Ching House）。但经过缜密的通盘考量后，因应在兴建该会所期间的使用需求，我们决定先盖一栋规模较小的接待中心，也就是西萨会所（Siza House）。随着时间推进，基于迎宾和击球动线的考虑，我们又决定加上茶屋（Tea House）和门房（Gate House）。

The Chia Ching House building forms part of a group of projects for the replanning of Taifong Golf Course, in Chang-Hua County, Taichung , Taiwan. At the outset, the brief was merely for the design of a new Club House. For logistical and strategic reasons, we first developed the project for the small building, the Siza House, which served as the Club House during the construction of the Chia Ching House. Over time other projects were added in – the Tea House and the Gate House – as support for functions such as welcoming the players and for playing golf, and also other activities. Their construction will follow.

▽场地平面图

延续西萨会所的经验，我们着手嘉卿会所的设计：尺度上和功能上都更加复杂的它必须在基地上融入拟妥的整体建筑计画，同时又维持自己的特色和意象。设计定案之后，接下来便是一一实现它们。但是，即使必要的球道调整是可行的，球场的运作不能因为工程而停摆。因此，工事的进行必须和球场的营运密切配合，保障每一位会员的使用权益、舒适以及安全。

On the Siza House we trained and then we designed the Chia Ching House. More complex in size and functions, this new project had to become part of an overall plan, but which would retain its own identity and image. But the Golf Course was already there and though some adjustments to its layout were possible, the construction of the building had to be planned with the Golf Course in continuous use, all the while ensuring harmony, comfort and safety for everyone.

一个周延而严谨的设计从何而来？因为各种机能的多重连结和主从关係（服务／被服务）使然，导致建筑内部的平面配置相当复杂，于是在业主、球场管理阶层和设计师之间必须有充分的沟通，尽管建筑的发想在一开始可能是个人的心智劳动，但随着设计的落实它终将成为一个团队运作（team exercise），包括其他建筑师、工程师和营造人员等等都会陆续加入，从建筑物的起造到完工方休。对身为建筑师的我们来说，这是一段既漫长又充实的旅程，在路途上我们有荣幸亲自设计、并且实际营造目前启用的两座会所：西萨和嘉卿，这样的建筑类型和使用内容对我或阿尔瓦罗‧西萨（Álvaro Siza）来说，都是全新的尝试。

A well-considered and very rigorous design. As a result of its multiple functions and their interconnections and hierarchies, the internal layout of the building was complex. A great deal of communication was necessary between the Client, the Club’s Management and the Designers. Although the practice of Architecture may begin as something individualistic, it is above all a Team Exercise, with the other Architects, Engineers and Builders who are involved in this process. From inception to completion. For us – as architects – it was a long and fruitful process, where we were allowed to design and build – to date – two individual projects, with requirements and programs that were completely new for us.

▽Carlos Castanheira与Álvaro Siza的设计过程

▽项目模型

就建筑的实践──或说，设计建筑的动作（the act of designing architecture）──这件事来说，比起各行各业的专家，更需要的是有创意的人士。因为设计方案需要保持开放，就算是其它建筑类型的案子也不例外。建筑师必须倾听业主的声音，研究地方建筑（local architecture）的传统和特质，并保持警觉的客观性（critical objectivity），且从头到尾对其保有坚定的信念。因为，新的需求随时可能浮现，设计变更在所难免，甚至是家常便饭，这时候弹性和应变的能力必须发挥作用。

The practice of Architecture, or the act of designing Architecture, needs to be carried out by creative people who cannot and must not be specialists. However, they need to have the openness – as with any other commission – to hear what the Client wants, to study the local Architecture, its traditions and characteristics. To maintain a critical objectivity and above all a strong conviction in the process of design, so that this can be relied upon throughout the entirety of the process. Flexible and adaptable to any new demand that might arise from something or someone outside the process, or even to a change that might be felt necessary, or even fundamental.

无论踏上球场园区的会员、贵宾或访客，嘉卿会所都以展开双臂的量体造形欢迎每一位的到来。以不同形式或几何空间形成的狭长量体在尺度及功能上互通有无，因应所有在会所内产生的各种活动需求：虽然高尔夫球运动是最主要的主题，但会所的设计同时也支持其它社交、文化或展演活动的进行。多功能的复合式建筑物裡，空间的多元化其来有自，它们接纳了不同的群众，并将他们串联在一起。

Volumetrically, the Chia Ching House greets us with open arms, setting out the entrance for each member, guest or visitor. The long volume is fragmented into other forms and different geometries, complementary to one another both in size and in function to the activities that will happen in each of them. Although playing golf is intended to be the predominant function, there are lots of other associated activities, which complement it. There will also be other activities of a cultural or social character that can and will take place in this multi[1]functional building. Internally, the variety of spaces is a result of the variety and characteristics of each function and its interconnections.

就建筑本身来说，特定机能空间彼此之间的接邻，容易造成使用上的困扰与不适，造成环境条件以及使用品质上不小的损失。故嘉卿会所的设计针对功能多样性（multi-functionality）做过特别检讨，尤其空间与空间之间的介面处理更是仔细，因此许多原本可能会产生的扞格得以避免。当然，任何建筑的成果都是一种妥协，身为建筑师的我们有责任经由光线、家具等手法，将仅存的空间问题修饰到尽善尽美。

In Architecture, function and space correspond very directly to one another and shortcomings in this will lead to disfunction, discomfort and almost always a huge loss of spatial and therefore architectural quality. The multi-functionality sought in the Chia Ching. House led to the carrying out of several spatial studies to address the relationship between these spaces, so that some contradictory requirements could be and were overcome. However, there will always be in this compromise, some contradiction or even disfunction, a sizeable challenge, that we – the architects – hope will be overcome through the richness of the space, light and comfort.

嘉卿会所是一座庞大的建筑，随着球场的幅员纵横，它在球道腹地上蔓延开来的空间量体（volume）因为分散，让我们在建筑规模（楼地板面积）上一度拿不定主意，设计的过程犹如随着它不断往各个方向探索。好比高尔夫球的挥杆动作，它摆动着，有时候缓慢、有时候使出更多力气，让我们也随着它摆动。

he building is big. We don’t have a notion of its size on account of its fragmentation and because it spreads itself along the bank that overlooks the course. We never get to be aware of the whole volume. The volume moves and forces us to move. It sways. Sometimes slowly, sometimes with more energy. It makes us sway around it.

反倒是在会所里移动的时候，偌大的空间尺度感会被区别开来的机能和它们之间水平或垂直的动线中和，达臻平衡。此外，室内的材料运用和灯光安排划分了不同空间的效果和体验，透过精准的控制和设定，所有使用者都能和基地环境产生互动。流动空间是现代建筑的指标，假使没有上场挥杆，你我也能在此坐享苍翠的果岭绿意。

Moving around inside, the sense of the building’s size is also lessened by its layout which is broken into different functions and by the circulation between these. Inside, the different materials and light create different environments, which allow visitors to enjoy the lush landscape of the Course, in a controlled and well-defined way. The light mustn’t be excessive and so it has to be controlled.

建筑，无非就是对空间虚实、尤其光影加以定义，所有元素都必须带来能即刻享受的舒适：譬如光线，它必须被妥善地调控而非放任；例如桌椅，若不在其位便有可能破坏环境。怕就怕为了填补空间而勉强填充不需要的物件或内容，过犹不及，同样都会造成反感。

Architecture is the control of volume, space, voids and above all the shadows and light which generate it. The elements needed to create well-being and comfort are all present. We added furniture and other pieces which, if excessive could unsettle the space created.

换句话说，倘若在空间裡布署了太多节点，导致过多的人、事、物聚集；或者，天花板上过度出现非必要的人工照明，这些都会造成缺点不说，甚至让建筑变得粗俗且丑陋，得不偿失。所幸这些在嘉卿会所都没有发生，因为业主无条件的支持，这些平常层出不穷的弊端都没有出现，我们能够充分地利用空间、材料和自己设计的灯具、家具克服以上问题，打造建筑中的建筑。

Sometimes there is a huge fear of emptiness and a huge tendency to fill spaces with large quantities of furniture and other things, which in no way bring us comfort. Quite the opposite happens, they generate an enormous racket, causing discomfort and above all vulgarity and ugliness. The same is true in relation to ceilings and the quantity of unnecessary artificial lighting, where lighting schemes are confused with what is comfort and above all beauty. In this building – with enormous support from the clients – it was possible to overcome these common tendencies and achieve a balance where, volume, space, material quality and light come together to make architecture.

身为建筑师，我们是无可救药的功能主义者（functionalist），设计前提是以各种机能的需求为基础来发展，举凡采光、遮阳、通风、安全以及其它一旦达成建筑便能出色的诸多项目。在这个过程中，Siza和我不曾忽略地方（place）的存在，我们在哪裡做设计就跟哪里的环境与时节共生，只要遵循形随机能的原则，空间的秩序（order）自然会成就丰富而有价值的建筑。

As architects, we are first of all functionalists. It is from the demands of function – or functions – that the proposals stem and develop. Obviously without casting aside the place, our surroundings and the time and circumstances that we live in. Form follows function and for that reason it orders itself, acquiring richness and value. Function requires light, shadow, ventilation, security and so often other elements which when carefully resolved can bring richness rather than reduction.

确认所有设计都执行到位是件浩大的工程，但最重要的不外乎是看得到、感受得到的那些，诚如我们在嘉卿会所中的移动经验，见证多元的空间机能如何精彩地完美结合。当然，这一切都不是偶然，举例来说，材料的挑选呼应了单元的属性以及主从之关系；或者，整体而言，有时候是材料本身在空间序列中的关联性使然，而非我们人为的决定。

But it is a lot of work to ensure that everything is there, yet where only the essential is seen or felt. As we move through the building, we sense diversity, relationships and moreover a great coherence, of course nothing was left to chance. Materials were chosen taking into account function, but also the hierarchy of each space. Sometimes, the choice of materials is a sequence – or a consequence – of the spaces and then it isn’t us choosing them. It is the space that makes demands. Sometimes it isn’t easy to explain how spaces make their own demands and how they don’t depend on us.

这么说来，是空间自己提出了需求！为何不是建筑师的决定？这似乎难以解释。可以确定的是在营造的过程中，建筑物会自己发展出主导权（autonomy），这时候技术相关的麻烦可能找上门来，而我们反而必须去捍卫空间不言而喻的决定，排除万难。在我和Siza的作品当中有个显而易见的趋势，就是经常需要因应空间本身去设计它专属的家具，甚至五金构件等等。总而言之，我们共同的目标一致：要打造一件最高品质的作品。

The Building – or Project – almost becomes autonomous and starts to make demands. Contradiction would negate its coherence and we must fight to maintain it. As in most of our work, we were given the option to study and design furniture along with other pieces. There was a shared will and desire to have a single high-quality piece.

没错，为台丰球场设计建筑是条走了十年以上的漫漫长路，但正是我们和业主、以及所有参与者有志一同、对于最高品质的坚持和要求消弭了途中所有荆棘，乐在其中的每一位弟兄姊妹都甘之如饴。

The process of designing the Buildings for Taifong Golf Course was a long journey, but one where enthusiasm and the will to achieve something good and of high quality was greater than any mishap along the way.

如今，大功即将告成（还剩下兴建当中的茶屋和门房），我已经开始怀念往返两地的行程，包括在台湾的那些会议和勘察，还有即使在湿热气候下、无论如何都要在打上一轮高尔夫球后把酒言欢的知己好友们。成为一位建筑师，便是与人为善（to do good），那股「善」就是为在我们设计与建造的建筑物裡活动的人们带来愉悦和幸福。

Now that the process is complete – or almost so, as we still have the Tea House and the Gate House to build – I already miss the trips, the meetings and the site visits, so often in humid heat, where – incomprehensibly – there are those who insist on playing a round of Golf and then enjoying the company of friends. To be an architect is to do good. Good that will provide pleasure to those who live in what we designed and have helped to construct.

嘉卿会所已经在去年十月完工启用，很遗憾的是我还没能够造访现场。不过，我问过自己它还有可能设计得更好吗？答案是没有办法。

The Chia Ching House building is now complete and fully functioning. I haven’t visited it since its inauguration. I am sorry. I ask myself if it could have been better? I don’t think so!

哪怕是一砖一瓦，可能都是身为建筑师的我们必须去协调、折冲、甚至拼命争取而来的成果，举目所见背后总有说不完的林林总总。不过，成为一位建筑师，唯有我们给予业主──以及会和他们共同分享与感受我们作品的你们──的一切，可以赋予这项专业无上的荣耀。为了走到这一步，我们不惜为每一个设计经历从构思到建造之间那些无以名状、却又逃避不了的各种煎熬。

Everything is a consequence of an innumerable number of factors that we – architects – have to co- ordinate, negotiate and – sometimes even – fight for. To be an Architect is a profession that is honoured by everything that we give to our Clients, but also to their friends and the many others who will live, feel and absorb our work, something that is possible only through the participation of so many essential, often anonymous elements in the process of conception and construction of any building.

成为一位建筑师，就是营造事物：会在我们离场之后，延续下去的那些事物。为此，向在整个营造过程当中参与的所有人致上我们诚挚的感激，毕竟，建筑从来不是个人表演（one man show）。

To be an Architect is to build things, Buildings. Which last. To all of those who participated in this process, our sincere thank you. Architecture is not a one man show.

—— Carlos Castanheira，于6 March 2021撰写

译者: 張晉維（Chin-Wei Chang）

▽平面图

▽剖面图

Client: Taifong Golf Club.

Location: Chang Hua County, Taiwan

Date: 2015 - 2020

Project team

Architects: Álvaro Siza with Carlos Castanheira

Office in Portugal: CC&CB – Architects, Lda.

Project Coordinator: Elisabete Queirós

Collaborators: Catarina Araújo, Erika Musci, Filipe Mota, Joana Soeiro, João Alves, Jorge Pinheiro, Mariana Mendes, Nuno Campos, Nuno Rodrigues, Pedro Afonso, Rita Saturnino, Sara Pinto, Sofia Conceição

3D and Renderings: Germano Vieira

Creative Integration Consultant: Xue Xue Institute, Xue Xue Foundation

Office in Taiwan: Studio Base Architects, Fielddirektor

Project Coordinator: Ivan Chiashun Liao

Principal in charge: Edward Yoshin Yeh

Project management & construction supervision: Studio Base Architects, Fielddirektor

Consultants: Unolai Design & Associates (light)

Filipe Andrade Santos (electroacustic)

Teresa Grácio (scenography)

LogAcústica – António Meireles (Acoustic)

Structure: Envision Engineering Consultant

Electricity: Majestic Engineer Consultants.INC

Construction Company: JuGang Construction. Co / Skyhawk Enterprise Co, LTD.

Total Building Area: 11 886 m2

Photography: ©C.K.L.

Award: Jury Prize of the Taiwan Architecture Award -2021