质朴材料下的丰富空间：泰国大象博物馆

公司：	Bangkok Project Studio	类型：	建筑
地区：	泰国	标签：	博物馆 \| 乡建 \| 文化空间

大象在泰国有着特殊的地位。它们是盛大的皇家仪式的一部分，在整个国家的古代历史上，它们是国王的战争动物。除了受到尊重，大象和泰国人之间的关系也是独一无二的--被当作家庭成员而不是宠物或劳动力。在泰国东北部Surin省的库夷族村落，这种关系可能是最牢固的。几个世纪以来，这个社区一直与大象生活在一起，他们的生活方式，从出生到死亡，几乎无法分开。

Elephants have a special status in Thailand. They are part of grand royal ceremonies and were war animals for Kings throughout the country’s ancient history. In addition to being respected, the relationship between elephants and Thai people are unique—being treated as family members rather than pets or labour. The bond is perhaps strongest in the village of the ethnic Kui in Surin province, north-eastern Thailand. For many centuries, the community has lived with elephants that their ways of life, from birth to death, can hardly be separated.

▽项目鸟瞰 Aerial

Surin省的森林曾经绿意盎然，但在过去的半个世纪里，森林被破坏，被人们改为种植经济作物。库夷族人和他们的大象遭受了极端的干旱、食物短缺以及森林曾经提供的药用植物。库夷族和他们的大象被剥夺了生计，他们流离失所到旅游城市乞讨食物或在大象营地工作，有些大象的生活条件很差。

Once lush greenery, the forest of Surin was destroyed in favour of cash crops in the last half-century. The Kui and their elephants suffered extreme droughts, shortages of food and medicinal plants the forest once provided. Deprived of sustenance, the two displaced to tourist towns begging for food or working in elephant camps, some with unsuitable living conditions.

大象博物馆是"大象世界"的一部分，是由当地政府发起的一个项目，目的是让这两头大象回到自己的家园，并保证大象的生活条件。大象博物馆不仅展示物品，还将描绘出生活在这里的村民和200多头大象的心声，代表着他们与大象长期建立的家庭关系，也是一种对动物剥削的残酷性的反抗，以及对未来的希望。

Elephant Museum is part of Elephant World, a project initiated by the local government to bring the two back to their homeland and to ensure the suitable living conditions for the elephants. Not only showcasing objects, but the museum shall also portray the voice of the villagers and more than 200 elephants living here—of their long-established familial relationship disapproval of the cruelty of animal exploitation, and of their hope for the future.

▽项目平面图 Plan

在广袤的无树景观中，高低不一的弧形墙体从地面冒出，似乎向大象般大小的游客开放建筑。墙体相互倾斜、交叉，露出缝隙，将游客引向内部。

Amidst the vast treeless landscape, curved walls at varying heights sprout from the ground, seemingly opening the building up to visitors of an elephant’s size. The walls slope and cross one another, revealing gaps that lead visitors to the inside.

▽从地面“冒出”的弧形墙体引导人们走进博物馆内 curved walls at varying heights sprout from the ground guide people to walk into the museum

▽项目屋顶 the roof of the musuem

四个展览馆中开辟出不同形状和大小的庭院。有的满是小水池，有的用红土铺成，与外面的风景呼应。不同尺度的户外小路、遮挡的空间和开放的庭院，让人联想到这里的元素：从大象、人类、他们的房子、他们都在洗澡的池塘，到嬉戏的大象享受的土浴池。

Courtyards of different shapes and sizes open up from the four exhibition galleries. Some are filled with small pools, some with reddish earth just like the landscape outside. Different scales of outdoor paths, sheltered space, and open courtyards, recall elements of the area: from elephants, humans, their houses, the ponds they both bathe, to the dirt bath the playful elephants enjoy.

▽展览馆中的庭院 different shapes and sizes courtyards

想要描绘阳光下的生活，阳光是设计中必不可少的元素。房间和小路在某些区域被阳光照亮，而在另一些区域则被阳光照暗。根据太阳的角度，一天中的效果都会发生变化。展览可能发生在庭院或外墙上。而在长廊内，人们可能只能找座位休息，一边看着外面展示的内容，一边思考着两个物种之间的共存。

Portraying life under the sun, sunlight is an essential element in the design. Rooms and paths are brightly lit by sunlight in certain areas and dimmed in others. The effects change throughout the day, depending on the angle of the sun. Exhibitions may happen in the courtyards or on exterior walls. And inside the galleries, one may only find seats to rest and look out at the content displayed outside while reflecting on the coexistence between the two species.

▽光影在项目中的变化 the changes of the light and shadow

项目使用了超过480000块烧制的粘土砖，是用当地发现的壤土与世代相传的技术手工制作而成的。在工作机会不多的小镇，建筑过程为当地人创造了工作机会和收入，同时也提高了经常被忽视的当地材料的价值。经过数十年远离家乡的挣扎，博物馆将赋予魁族、大象和Surin人民权力。博物馆的方案和建设过程将鼓励他们为自己的遗产感到自豪，并再次恢复他们心爱的大象的尊严。

Over 480,0000 fired clay bricks are made by hand from loam found in the area with the technique that has been passed down through generations. In the town where there are not many job opportunities, the construction process creates jobs and income for the locals while increasing the value of the often-overlooked local material. After decades of struggling away from home, the museum shall empower the Kui, the elephants, and the people of Surin. Its programme and the building process shall encourage them to take pride in their heritage, and restore the dignity of their beloved elephants once again.