FLUGT：丹麦难民博物馆

FLUGT位于丹麦第二次世界大战中最大的难民营所在地，记录着世界各地的难民的声音和面孔，并记录了流离失所者面临的共同挑战、情感、精神和故事。FLUGT是BIG为致力于考古学，传播和收集有关该地区的历史知识的当地机构Vardemuseerne打造的第二个博物馆：BIG将营地仅存的几座医院建筑进行改建，将其扩建为一座1600平方米的博物馆。

Located at the site of Denmark’s largest Refugee camp from World War II, FLUGT, gives a voice and a face to refugees worldwide and captures the universal challenges, emotions, spirit and stories shared by displaced humans. FLUGT is BIG’s second museum for Vardemuseerne: a local institution dedicated to archaeology, dissemination, and collection of historical knowledge about the region. BIG has adapted and extended one of the camp’s few remaining structures – a hospital building – into a 1,600 m2 museum.

在人口巅峰时期，该难民营一度成为当时丹麦的“第五大城市”。如今奥克斯伯尔的难民营已经所剩无几，但迁移到一个新国家的故事一如既往地值得纪念。于是前医院建筑被改造成FLUGT博物馆，由两座细长的建筑组成。BIG通过添加柔和的曲线形体量，将它们从建筑和历史上两个层面是连接起来，为博物馆创造了500平方米的额外空间，并创造了一个从远处即可望见的温暖结构。

At its peak, the camp became the fifth-largest city of Denmark at the time. Today, little of the camp in Oksbøl remains, but the story of arriving at the doorstep of a new country is as relevant as ever. The former hospital, which is transformed into FLUGT, is comprised of two elongated buildings. BIG has connected the two buildings architecturally and historically by adding a soft curve-shaped volume which brings 500 m2 of additional space to the museum and creates a welcoming structure, visible from afar. 

▽场地区位

▽奥克斯伯尔的难民营旧照

建筑曲线被轻轻延伸至街道，为博物馆参观者创造了引人注目的欢迎气氛。建筑以锈蚀钢板覆盖，与医院原有的红砖结合，让人感觉宾至如归。从外看去，抽象的体量引导参观者进入看似封闭的入口大厅。进入后，一面通高的曲线玻璃墙将带顶的绿色庭院和森林景色展露无遗，那里曾经是难民营的所在地。光线自庭院流入入口大厅，作为大堂或临时展览空间，供客人在进入博物馆翼楼之前驻足。

The curve is gently pulled towards the street to create an inviting arrival moment for the museum visitors. Clad in Corten steel, the structure feels at home along the red bricks of the former hospital buildings. From outside, the abstract volume welcomes visitors into what appears to be a closed entry hall. Upon entering, a floor-to-ceiling curved glass wall reveals a view of a sheltered green courtyard and the forest, where the refugee camp used to be. The courtyard lets light flow into the entry hall that functions as a lobby or a temporary exhibition space for guests to experience before continuing their journey into one of the museum wings.

▽入口

▽通高的曲线玻璃墙带来一览无遗的景色

北翼的展览区包含根据医院原始流线情况组织的画廊空间。多数医院病房的墙壁都已拆除，但一些内墙仍保持完好无损，由三个交叉体量维持稳定，形成更大的展览空间。南翼设有灵活的会议室、较小的展览空间、咖啡厅和后勤空间，采用与北翼相同的特征和材料。白色墙壁和交叉点覆盖着白色涂漆的木板，方向根据天花板线的角度而定，整座博物馆地面均以黄色地砖铺就，将过去和和现在的结构连接在一起。

The exhibition area in the north wing contains gallery spaces organized according to the original flow/circulation in the hospital. While most of the hospital room walls were torn down, some of the inside walls are kept intact and stabilized by three cross sections, creating larger exhibition spaces. The south wing features a flexible conference room, smaller exhibition spaces, cafe, and back of house functions with the same character and materiality as in the north wing: white walls and intersections covered in white painted wood boards oriented according to the angle ceiling line, as well as yellow bricks across the entire museum floor, connecting past and present structures.

▽结构细节

▽医院原有的内墙

▽展览空间

除了保护和再利用医院建筑的历史价值外，延长现有结构的使用寿命还帮助BIG完成了减少浪费、节约资源的使命，并在材料制造和运输方面留下了更小的碳足迹

In addition to preserving and reusing the hospital buildings for historical value, extending the lifespan of the existing structures supports BIG’s mission of reducing waste, conserving resources, and creating a smaller carbon footprint as it relates to materials manufacturing and transport.

由BIG 景观设计的庭院在博物馆内外营造出宁静的感官体验。庭院中央的一个小镜面水池反射着上方的天空。水盆周围种植着当地常见的石楠，强调了地域性。参观者离开博物馆后，将会获得丹麦历史上的重要部分的体验，对难民经历产生新的看法。

The courtyard designed by BIG Landscape creates a peaceful sensory experience inside the museum as well as outside. A small mirror pool in the heart of the courtyard reflects the sky above it. Around the basin, heath planting known from the region emphasizes the identity of the area. Visitors leave the museum having experienced a part of an important place in Danish history, with a new perspective on the refugee experience.  

▽设计推演

PROJECT DATA

Name: FLUGT - REFUGEE MUSEUM OF DENMARK

Code: FLUGT

Date: 25/06/2022 .

Program: Culture

Status: Completed

Size in m2: 1600

Project type: Commission

Client: Vardemuseerne

Collaborators: Johansson & Kalstrup, Tinker Imagineers, BIG Landscape

Location Text: Oksbol, Denmark

Location: (55.6280388,8.2801861)

Awards: ADDITIONAL FILES

PROJECT TEAM

Partners-in-Charge: Bjarke Ingels, Ole Elkjær-Larsen, Finn Nørkjær

Project Leader: Frederik Lyng

Project Architect: Frederik Skou Jensen

Location Text: Oksbol, Denmark

Location: (55.6280388,8.2801861)

Awards: ADDITIONAL FILES

PROJECT TEAM

Partners-in-Charge: Bjarke Ingels, Ole Elkjær-Larsen, Finn Nørkjær

Project Leader: Frederik Lyng

Project Architect: Frederik Skou Jensen

BIG Team: Ákos Márk Horváth, Anders Holden Deleuran, Andy Coward, Anne Søby Nielsen, Cheng-Huang Lin, Danyu Zeng, David Zahle, Eddie Chiu Fai Can, Gabrielé Ubareviciute, Hanne Halvorsen, Høgni Laksafoss, Laura Wätte, Katrine Juul, Kim Lauer, Lone Fenger Albrechtsen, Lukas Molter, Mads Primdahl Rokkjær, Marius Tromholt-Richter, Michael James Kepke, Muhammad Mansoor-Awais, Nanna Gyldholm Møller, Nikolaos Romanos Tsokas, Oliver Siekierka, Peter Mortensen, Richard Garth Howis, Sascha Leth Rasmussen, Sofiia Rokmaniko, Tore Banke, Thor Larsen-Lechuga, Tomas Karl Ramstrand, Toni Mateu, Tristan Robert Harvey

BIG Landscape: Anne Katrine Sandstrøm, Barbora Hrmova, Giulia Frittoli, Jonathan Udemezue, Kristian Mousten, Ulla Hornsyld