Gellerup 城市公园

公司：	SLA	类型：	景观
地区：	丹麦	标签：	公园绿地

奥尔胡斯的Gellerup社区是一个设计和建造于20世纪60年代的社会住宅小区。Gellerup是丹麦最大的社会住宅小区之一，具有20世纪60年代现代主义的典型建筑风格，大量的建筑构件，房屋之间剩余大量的未经合理设计的空地，都让社区在社会、文化和经济方面面临着许多挑战。

The neighborhood Gellerup in Aarhus is a social housing estate designed and erected in the 1960s. Designed in the typical architectural style of 1960s modernism with large scale building blocks and empty and un-programed areas between the houses, Gellerup is one of Denmark’s largest social housing estates with many social, cultural and economic challenges.

从贫民窟到社区

地产商Brabrand Boligforening和奥尔胡斯市政府决定展开这个项目，将Gellerup从一个缺乏合理规划的社区改造成奥尔胡斯市一个完整的、有吸引力的社区。这种转变的核心是打破现代主义的理性城市规划和建筑，增加自然和人文的亲和度， 23万平方米的城市公园被设计建造出来，在Gellerup社区的发展中扮演重要的角色。

From ghetto to neighborhood

The estate owners, Brabrand Boligforening and the City of Aarhus, started a process to transform Gellerup from a socially challenged neighborhood into an attractive and integrated part of Aarhus City. Central in this transformation was to break with the rational urban planning and architecture of modernism and add a natural and human scale. It is here, that the 230,000 square metersGellerup Urban Park plays a central part in the development of Gellerup - from ghetto to neighborhood.

丹麦自然专家和景观设计工作室SLA赢得了设计和改造Gellerup公共空间的竞赛。SLA设计的Gellerup城市公园的总体目标是提高Gellerup居民的生活质量，为所有用户和居民创造更多更好的社交机会和活动，使该地区更加安全。

The Danish nature experts and landscape architects SLA won the competition to design and transform the public spaces of Gellerup. The overall goal of SLA’s design of Gellerup Urban Parkis to increase the quality of life for the residents in Gellerup. This is done by making the area saferand more secure by creating more and better social opportunities and activities for all its users and residents.

通过广泛的公民参与过程，所有居民的梦想、愿望和需求都得到了倾听，并被纳入设计——以及最新的安全、边缘化社会群体的专家知识，以及如何缓解社区的社会和物理挑战。

Through an extensive citizens-engagement process, all the dreams, wishes and needs of the residents were heard and taken into the design - as well as the newest expert knowledge in safety, marginalized social groups and how to alleviate socially and physically challenging neighborhoods.

一种基于自然的方法来应对社会挑战

SLA将户外空间设计成一个大型的、连贯的、郁郁葱葱的城市公园，解决了社会结构方面的挑战。这种基于自然的方法将成为Gellerup社区从暴露的住宅区变成奥胡斯新区改造的中心框架。

A nature-based approach to social challenges

SLA solved the social and physical challenges by designing the outdoor spaces asone large coherent and lush city park.This nature-based approach was to be the central framework for Gellerup's transformation from exposed residential area to new district in Aarhus.

在设计中，SLA在改造了消极空间的同时为居民提供了自然环境，之前给居民带来不安全感的杂乱的荒野被清除了，相反，SLA增加了更多种类的高质量自然类型，确保了公园的绿植水平，从而增加了安全性。通过设计一个有吸引力的空间，公园现在会有大量的居民停留在其中，有时甚至会在此待上一整天，这也增加了安全性。

In the design, SLA both removed and supplied nature to the city park. The former wildernesses that created insecurity and clutter for the residents were removed. Instead, SLA added much more varied nature typologies of high quality, that ensures a general overview of the park thus increasing security. By designing the nature in an attractive and inviting way, the park now also contains many more opportunities for stay and lingering during all times of the day, which also increases security.

SLA还增加了许多穿过城市公园的路径，以增加公园的可达性，这些小路穿过大公园，更便捷更安全。道路的设计是围绕着公园内的树木和自然弯曲，其目的是为了减缓交通的速度，摩托车等快速交通工具在此中会将速度慢下来，在一定程度上也增加了公园的安全性。

SLA also added many new connections and paths across the city park to increase and improve the flows and the accessibility of the park. The paths make it easier and safer to move through the large park. The paths are designed so they bend and curve around trees and nature throughout the park. This is done to act as natural speed dampers, making it impossible to roam through the park on highspeed mopeds - something that created insecurity and uncertainty in the past.

二千棵树

最后，SLA的设计为公园增加了2000多棵新树。这些树都是根据它们的功能与社区的喜好为Gellerup特别挑选的，在公园里创造一个良好的气候环境，并通过它们对自然生长的狂野和弯曲的表达提供了一种强烈的自然美。这是对Gellerup庞大的种族和文化多样性的一种有意识的致敬，同时也为居民创造了一种强烈的新城市公园的归属感，多种多样的物种也使公园更能适应气候的变化。

Two thousand trees

Finally, SLA’s design added more than 2000 new trees to the park. The trees are all specially selected and hand-picked for Gellerup based on their functional, social and aesthetic capabilities. The trees are planted so they create a good microclimate in the park, effectively handle cloud bursts- and provide a strong aesthetic feeling of nature with their wild and crooked expression of natural growth. The trees have been selected with an extremely large species variation. This is a conscious homage to Gellerup's large ethnic and cultural diversity and one that creates a strong sense of ownership of the new city park for the residents. The many varied species also make the park more robust to climate change and potential deceases.

为了最大化地激活公园的生命力，公园增加了许多不同的项目和活动空间，棒球场、运动场、水上乐园、亭台楼阁和非正式的聚会场所遍布整个公园。所有建筑街区附近都有户外就餐区和野餐点，那里有常见的蔬菜、水果和香草花园，所有居民都可以收集这些蔬菜、水果和香草花园，供他们用餐。为了延长公园的早晚使用时间，公园增加了大量的照明系统，同时提高了公众生活、安全与保障。

To maximize the potential for public life in the park, many different programs and activities have been added. Ballparks, playgrounds, waterplays, pavilions and informal gathering spots are generously placed throughout the park. Close to all building blocks are placed outdoor eating areas and picnic spots with common vegetable, fruit and herb gardens that all residents can gather and use for their meals. An extensive lighting scheme has been added to prolong the use of the park in the mornings and evenings, boosting public life, safety and security at the same time.

人类和动物的乐土

加强生物多样性是公园设计的一大重点，因此公园作为奥尔胡斯市的一个连接，将两个主要的区域景观Skjoldhøjkilen和Brabrand Adal 紧紧联系在一起。

A place for humans and animals alike

Enhancing biodiversity is a big priority for the design of the park. Thus, the park acts as a ‘missing link’ in Aarhus (re)connecting the area with the two dominant landscape areas of Gellerup: Skjoldhøjkilen and Brabrand Ådal.

种类繁多的动物、蜜蜂和昆虫在公园中找到栖息地和庇护所。尽管公园仍处于建设的最后阶段，许多野生动物已经在公园里安家了——从稀有的蜜蜂到野兔、松鼠和狐狸。

The large species variety of the designed nature allows for a maximum of animals, bees and insects to find habitat and shelter in the park. Thus, even though the park is still under the last phases of construction, many wild animals have already established their home in the park - from rare bee species to wild rabbits, squirrels and foxes.