Niigata III住宅大楼

公司：	TAKUYAHOSOKAI	类型：	建筑
地区：	日本	标签：	公寓

NIIGATA III住宅区是由34个住宅组成的公寓楼。附近地块上还保留着许多传统的日式住宅，500米范围内有文化设施、购物区、大学、公共办公室和公园。为了将公寓楼整合到一个各种项目相互影响的地点，我们考虑了由34种住宅类型组成的集合体，以满足不同的生活方式。

HOUSING COMPLEX NIIGATA III is an apartment building composed of 34 dwellings. There are a number of traditional Japanese houses still exist on neighbouring plots, and cultural facilities, shopping districts, universities, public offices and a park within 500m. In order to integrate an apartment block in a location where various programs interact with each other, we considered an aggregate composed of 34 types of dwelling that cater to differing lifestyles.

我们试图在城市化背景下重建集体住宅的内部和外部空间之间的关系。我们从室内到室外，也从室外到室内进行设计，考虑到围墙、楼板和结构框架的分隔作用，以及利用露台作为过渡区。

We tried to reconstruct the relationship between inside and outside spaces in collective housing in an urbanized context. We designed from inside to outside and also outside to inside, considering the separating role of the perimeter wall, the slab and structural frame, and the use of a terrace as a transition zone.

内部空间设计

- 将外围墙作为缓冲区布置在露台的外侧，控制内外距离感。

- 在外围墙中安排开口，防止从室内到室外的视线直达，反之亦然，这样可以提供住宅与城市的私密性和分隔。

- 结构框架的柱子与楼板的关系（在平面上）使内部空间被软性分割，造成由内到外的渐进式空间变化。

Designing from internal space

- Place the outer envelope walls as a buffer zone on the outside of the terrace, and control the feeling of the distance between the inside and the outside.

- Arrange openings in the external envelope to prevent a direct line of sight from inside to outside and vice versa, this provides privacy and separation between dwellings and the city.

- The relationship between the columns of the structural frame and the slab (in plan) allows the internal space to be divided softly, causing a gradual spatial change from the inside to the outside.

外部空间设计

通过建筑的建造，我们希望表达出人的尺度和城市的密度，同时保持视觉上的一致性。为了达到这个目的，住宅被分成2-3层的体量，比例与附近的老木排屋相似。因此，薄薄的墙体和板块外围护结构的表现形式提供了一种人性化的尺度。同时，结构框架采用了一个由10层楼高的住宅群组成的城市尺度。这两种矛盾的尺度在住宅空间和城市景观中都得到了体现。房间内的柱子和横梁的城市尺度让居民意识到邻近的住宅，提醒他们与集体的联系。

Designing from external space

Through the construction of the building we wanted to express both a human scale and the density of the city, whilst maintaining visual coherence. To achieve this, dwellings were grouped in 2-3 storey volumes with a similar proportion to the old wooden row houses nearby. The resulting expression of the thin outer envelope of walls and slabs therefore provides a human scale. Simultaneously the structural frame adopts an urban scale comprising a 10-storey housing complex. The two contradictory scales are demonstrated in both the residential space and the cityscape. The urban scale of columns and beams within rooms give residents an awareness of the neighbouring dwellings, reminding them of their connection to the collective.

近年来，随着重建工作的推进，这一地区的老建筑逐渐消失，我们将这一结构设想为档案建筑，继承历史上的城市景观碎片，表达未来的记忆。

In recent years, with rebuilding progressing and old buildings in this area being lost, we envisage this structure as archival architecture, inheriting fragments of the historical cityscape and expressing memories in the future.

该结构是一个具有经济跨度的刚性框架，需要建立一个10层楼的住宅群。新潟是一个省会城市，是一个典型的汽车社会，经常会有大雪，所以我们在底层安排了piloti，以实现尽可能多的停车位。网格跨度以停车位的模块为基础。所提出的结构框架使板块、外围护结构和边界墙在平面上可以完全自由设计。外围护结构和悬臂板是刚性连接的。通过叠加2～3层的墙体，减少了对悬臂板的挠度影响，反而产生了长期加固效果。对于长期荷载，外围护结构加固板，板横向支撑外围护结构抵抗地震力。

The structure is a rigid frame with an economic span that is required to establish a 10-storey housing complex. Niigata, a provincial city, is a typical car-oriented society and is subjected to heavy snowfall so we arranged piloti on the ground floor to enable as many parking bays as possible. The grid span is based on the module of a parking bay. The structural frame as proposed enables the slab, outer envelope and the boundary walls to be completely freely designed in plan. The outer envelope and the cantilevered slabs are rigidly joined. By stacking 2 to 3-storey walls, it reduces the deflection effect on the cantilever slab and instead produces a long-term reinforcing effect. For long-term loads, the outer envelope reinforces the slabs, and the slab laterally supports the outer envelope against seismic forces.