新河列车观景塔

公司：	弗吉尼亚理工大学建筑事务所	类型：	景观
地区：	美国	标签：	服务装置

由弗吉尼亚理工大学师生共同打造的新河列车观景塔近年来屡获殊荣。他们将尖端的木材研究与创新的场地外组装方式相结合，在弗吉尼亚州的乡村完成了该项目。项目通过利用学校的跨学科研究，展示了一种独特的低碳设计和施工方法。

The award-winning observation tower, by Virginia Tech students and faculty, pairs cutting-edge timber research with innovative off-site assembly methods. The recently-completed project in rural Virginia demonstrates a unique approach to low-carbon design and construction through the use of the university’s own interdisciplinary research.

项目介绍Project introduction

2018年，弗吉尼亚州的河滨城市拉德福与附近的公立研究型大学弗吉尼亚理工大学合作，共同在该城市建造一座新的列车观景塔，让公众可以欣赏到邻近的河流和富有历史意义的铁路桥。城市希望项目能够通过使用清洁技术、低碳建筑产品等手段，展示其摆脱旧工业历史的决心。于是在接下来的两年，一位跨学科的教师与他的学生团队合作研究、设计和建造了这座75英尺长、30英尺高的公共建筑。

In 2018, the riverfront city of Radford, Virginia approached Virginia Tech – a nearby public research university – to assist the town with the visioning for a new train observation tower that would provide public access to views over the adjacent New River and a historically significant railroad bridge. A primary project objective for the city was the use of clean-tech, low-carbon building products as a way to showcase the city’s transition away from its industrial past. Over the following two-year project period, an interdisciplinary faculty and student team partnered to research, design, and build the 75-foot long by 30-foot high public building.

在设计过程的早期，学生们选择专注于新兴的建筑技术——交叉层压木材(CLT)——因为它的强度、可持续性和独特的空间特性。但随着设计过程的推进，团队发现将工业生产的交叉层压木板运送到项目现场的能耗成本过高，因此团队不得不考虑当地材料以减少碳排放成本，并创造性地应用这些本地采购的原材料。

Early in the design process, the students chose to focus on emerging building technology - cross-laminated timber (CLT) - due to its strength, sustainability, and unique spatial properties. As the design process progressed, the project team discovered that the carbon cost to ship industrially produced cross-laminated timber panels to the project site was too high and, as such, the project team was forced to “think local” in order to cut carbon costs, thus entailing the creative application of locally-sourced raw materials.

▽设计过程

▽安装过程

低碳产品开发Low-carbon product development

经过大学里多个部门多年的研究，最终决定采用定制开发的硬木交叉层压木材(HCLT)产品的黄杨木材，这些木材来自供应过剩的以硬木为主的森林。定制的HCLT产品不仅优于美国市场上所有其他市售CLT（尤其是由软木制成），而且该产品的原材料也支持在场地200英里半径范围内进行采购和运输。

Following the culmination of years of research across multiple university departments, the resulting custom-developed, hardwood cross-laminated timber (HCLT) product utilizes low-grade Yellow Poplar lumber regionally sourced from oversupplied, hardwood-dominant forests. The custom HCLT product not only outperformed all other commercially available CLT in the U.S. market – notably made from softwoods – but the product’s raw materials were also sourced and up-cycled within a two-hundred-mile radius of the project site.

▽黄杨木材

▽实际施工后效果

模块化结构Modular construction

栖息在新河上方陡峭倾斜的土地上，具有挑战性的场地条件要求团队在场地以外预制建筑构件。该项目的建筑设计包括两个模块化的HCLT立方体，它们被公共走道一分为二。人行道沿坡度延伸，随着场地向河流急剧下降，最终形成一个20英尺高的悬臂结构。

Perched above the New River on a steeply sloping brownfield site, the challenging site conditions required the project team to prefabricate building components in a controlled environment offsite. The project’s architectural design involves two modular HCLT cubes that are bisected by a public walkway. The walkway begins at grade and culminates in a 20-foot-high cantilever as the site drops steeply towards the river.

该项目是全球独一无二的作为由层压硬木制成的外露结构元件的案例。每个螺丝孔都浸有液体蜡，然后整个外壳都涂上亚麻籽油和天然松焦油的混合物，以保护其免受紫外线、热和湿气的侵蚀。该项目也是美国第一个获得许可的永久性HCLT建筑物。而且，通过试点低价值本地采购材料的定制升级循环的研发过程，它为低碳、以研究为基础的可持续建筑树立了标杆。

The project is also globally unique as an example of exterior-exposed structural elements made from laminated hardwood. Each screw hole was impregnated with liquid wax, and then the entire exterior envelope was coated in a linseed oil and natural pine tar mix to protect it from UV, heat, and moisture damage. The project is the first permanent, HCLT building permitted in the United States. And, through a research and development process that piloted the custom up-cycling of low-value locally sourced materials, it sets a benchmark for low-carbon, research-based, sustainable construction.