丹麦Rubjerg Knude灯塔重建与改造

凶猛的暴风雨的不断侵蚀，塑造了丹麦西北海岸梦幻般的沙丘景观。1968年，一个巨大的沙丘吞噬了RubirgKnude灯塔，使塔楼成为唯一幸存的结构，位于正被迅速侵蚀的悬崖边缘。
Ferocious pounding storms constantly move and shape the fantastic dune landscape on the northwest coast of Denmark. In 1968 an enormous sand dune devoured RubjergKnudeLigthouse leaving the tower as the only remaining structure, poised on the edge of the rapidly eroding cliff.

2016年春天，灯塔重新向公众开放，并重建了建筑装置，让大众有机会从灯塔顶部欣赏独特的远景和自然的野生动态感。

In Spring of 2016 the lighthouse was reopened and retrofitted with an architectural installation that give the public the last chance to enjoy the unique vistas and wild dynamic spectacle of nature, from the top of the lighthouse.

BESSARDs’ STUDIO工作室和JAJA Architects事务所设计了一个舞台场景楼梯，游客可以由此进入塔楼，并逐步上升塑造一系列的建筑体验。建筑发挥了作为海员灯塔的历史功能，在灯塔中插入了一个巨大的风力万花筒，捕捉自然光和反射，再将其反射出去，以创造不断变化的色彩层次在大海和周围景观中创造惊鸿一瞥。

BESSARDs’ STUDIO and JAJA Architects designed a scenographic stairway giving access to the tower and making the ascent a sequence of architectural experiences. Staging its historic function as a beacon for the seafarers, they inserted a gigantic wind-powered kaleidoscope into the lighthouse that captures natural light and reflection, sending it inwards to create an ever-changing cascade of colors and glimpses of the sea and surrounding landscape.

万花筒也是楼梯环绕的结构元素。万花筒的三角形形状与穿孔透明的楼梯相结合，与灯塔的方形几何形状创造了一种有趣的互动，在地面与天空之间延伸的垂直空间创造了独特的体验。

The kaleidoscope also functions as the structural element on which the stair wraps itself around. The triangular shape of the kaleidoscope in combination with the perforated and transparent stair create a playful interaction with the square geometry of the lighthouse, staging a unique experience of the vertical space, which stretches between earth and sky.

▽万花筒装置

▽万花筒效果

项目展示了钢材料变化的独特性能的，包含生锈，镜面抛光，弯曲，穿孔，焊接等，这些形态被仔细组装在灯塔中。钢提供了独特的视觉和触觉体验，对场地的极端气象特征做出反应，设计师为我们展示了钢材老化的过程，将万花筒与历史悠久的灯塔融合在一起。

The project is a variation on the properties of one unique material: steel. Rusted, mirror polished, bent, perforated, welded and finally carefully assembled into a monolith inside the lighthouse. It provides a visual and tactile experience reacting to the extreme meteorological characteristics of the site that creates an aging process that gradually merges the kaleidoscope together with the historic lighthouse.

根据地质调查，灯塔将在未来2至15年内被大海完全侵蚀。没有人确切知道塔楼何时会倒塌，但它总会消失。该项目将被完全拆卸，其材料将被重新安装或回收。

According to geological surveys, the lighthouse will be taken by the sea within the next 2 to 15 years. Nobody knows exactly when the tower will fall but when it will, the project will be entirely disassembled and – thanks to its constructive system – be remounted or recycled.

重建Rubjerg Knude灯塔是一项全国性的建筑干预倡议的一部分，旨在邀请公众体验丹麦景观中最独特和最引人注目的区域。Rubjerg Knude的改造是由Realdania基金会、丹麦自然机构和Hjørring市委托进行。

The revitalization of RubjergKnude Lighthouse is part of a nation-wide initiative of architectural interventions that seek to invite the public to experience the most unique and remarkable areas of the Danish landscape. RubjergKnude transformation was commissioned by Realdania Foundation, The Danish Nature Agency and Hjørring Municipality.

▽平面图

▽结构细节

▽剖面图

Project info

Project title:RubjergKnude Lighthouse

Program:Transformation of lighthouse

Location:RubjergKnudeFyr, Hjørring, DK

Size:+40m2 

Year:2013-16 (completed)

Credits

Architect:JAJA Architects, Copenhagen (https://jaja.archi/) & BESSARD’s Studio (www.bessardstudio.com)
Client:NaturstyrelsenogRealdania - StederiLandskabet

Engineering:Erasmus & Partners Engineering Consultants

Financed by:Realdania, HjørringKommune and ENV-fonden

Contractor:Hadsten Smede- og Maskinværksted A/S

Photographer:Hampus Per Berndtson