哥伦比亚圣菲波哥大热带植物园

作为养护和保护生态系统的战略中的重要部分，Bogotá植物园制定了“Nodos de Diversidad”或称“多样性节点”提案，这是一个充满野心的项目，计划在国内不同地区进行新的植物考察，从而保护和评估哥伦比亚境内最受威胁的生态系统。

As a strategy for the conservation and protection of ecosystems, the Botanical Garden of Bogotá develops the initiative "Nodos de Diversidad" or "Nodes of Diversity", an ambitious project that seeks to carry out a new botanical expedition throughout different areas of the country and that will allow protecting and valuing some of the most threatened ecosystems in the Colombian territory.

▽视频

项目名为Tropicario，是该计划的主要基础设施。将作为展示和推广这些调查成果的展览空间。项目位于一座破败的旧建筑所在的场地上，其核心设计理念是保护场地周边的蜡棕榈树，这是一种生长非常缓慢的树种，是哥伦比亚的国树，如今却濒临灭绝。这些棕榈树的寿命超过100年，高度达到70米。El Tropicario周围有70多棵成年的蜡棕榈树。这就需要采用灵活的建筑形式，以免影响树木。

Tropicario, as the project is called, is the main infrastructure of this plan. It will be the exhibition space for promoting the results of these expeditions. The project is located on the footprint of an old structure, which was in a high state of deterioration. The conservation of the wax palms surrounding the implantation site was a decisive element for the project. It is a species of very slow growth, declared a national tree and in danger of extinction. These palms live for more than 100 years, reaching heights of up to 70 meters. There are more than 70 adult palms of this type around El Tropicario. This raised the need to use a system of flexible forms, in order not to affect the trees.

从设计理念上讲，项目中的不同区域仿佛是湿地中的一座座浮岛，而湿地是波哥大草原的典型生态系统。为此，由前西班牙工程（奇南帕斯，骆驼，浮岛）开发的两栖动物建筑的参考很重要。项目由六个生态区域组成：热带雨林区，干旱森林区，特殊植被区，有益植物区，帕拉莫斯高原区和生物多样性展览区，每个空间都有特定的高度、温度和湿度要求。根据团队在竞赛阶段的提案，这些空间作为“漂浮”体量，通过人工湿地连接在一起。

Conceptually, the different areas of the program function as floating spaces, within a wetland, which is the ecosystem of the Bogotá Savanna. For this, references of amphibian architecture developed by pre-Hispanic engineering (Chinampas, Camellones, Floating Islands) was important. The project is made up of six collections: Humid Forest, Dry Forest, Special Collections, Useful Plants, Superpáramos and Biodiversity, each space having specific height, temperature and humidity requirements. These spaces function as "floating" modules, articulated through an artificial wetland, a collection proposed by the design team from the competition phase.

▽干旱森林区

▽热带雨林区

建筑建在混凝土倾斜的外墙上，它如同空间内的一个个“花盆”，支撑着上方的金属结构，其中部分土壤可以容纳植物，并在地形中产生变化，从而形成组织不同物种的种植区域。钢筋混凝土墙上面安装了30厘米x 10厘米的金属网格进行加固，形成“结构篮”，具有强大的自支撑力，因此内部并未设置支撑柱。

The structural system was based on concrete sloping walls were emptied, functioning as a support for the metal structure, allowing it to serve as "flowerpots" inside the spaces, where part of the earth can be contained for plants and to generate changes in the topography that allow organizing the planting areas of the different species. On the reinforced concrete walls,  30 cm x 10 cm metal pillars are installed, located on the perimeter of each space, forming "structural baskets" as a self-supporting structure, which allows there to be no columns inside.

▽帕拉莫斯高原区

▽生物多样性展览区

我们的星球正在面临环境危机，因此以城市和环境共生的方式来考虑公共项目，以保护共同的环境遗产开始具备必要性。El Tropicario致力于创造一种景观文化，从当地环境出发，向全球人们传递环境带来的危机感。

The environmental emergency that our planet is experiencing makes it necessary for the public project to be imagined using urban and environmental logics in a symbiotic way, in order to safeguard the shared environmental heritage. El Tropicario is a commitment to building a landscape culture where, from the local context, a message of global urgency is transmitted

▽场地区位

▽总平面图

▽分层平面图

▽剖面图

Project name:TROPICARIO.BOGOTA BOTANICAL GARDEN

Company name:DARP (De Arquitectura y Paisaje)

Website:www.darp.com.co

Instagram:  @dearquitecturaypaisaje 

Contact e-mail:administracion@darp.com.co

Project location:City:Bogotá/Country:Colombia

Completion Year: 2021

Building area (m²):3787 m²

Lead Architects: Jorge Buitrago, Jaime Cabal

Coordinator:David Carmona

CompetitionPhase:Melisa Arango, Carlos Andrés Palacio, Sara Olier, Benjamín Gómez, Mateo Agudelo,

Graphic designer: Adriana García

DevelopmentPhase:Jamie NG, Teresa TognettiBottone, Carlos Andrés Palacio, Cristian Camilo Ríos, Milena Jaramillo, Sebastián Rosas, Héctor Ospina, Mauricio Álvarez, Katherine Agudelo, Adriana García.

Engineering:CNI Ingenieros

Landscape:DARP. De Arquitectura y Paisaje, Jardín Botánico de Bogotá

Museography: Carlos Betancur, Nadia Guacaneme.

Collaborators:SISTEC. Sistemas Integrados De Energía Y Tecnología S A S. / Flux Ingeniería SAS.

Manufacturers: Lafarge Holcim, iGuzzini, , Corpacero, Hunter Douglas, Tecnoglass, TrimbleNavigation, Ventanar

Photo credits:Mauricio Carvajal