“分水岭” 小屋

项目的主人是一位哲学教授，也是一位著名的自然作家。她把这个工作室委托给她自己和来访的作家朋友，作为一个疗养地。她的第一个要求是要有一个能让她听到雨声的屋顶。

The owner is a philosophy professor and a well-known nature writer. She commissioned the studio as a retreat for herself and for visiting writer friends. Her first request was for a roof that would let her hear rain falling.

写作室的选址是玛丽斯河畔的一小块土地，距离主人在城里的家约20分钟车程。工作室位于河岸湿地的上坡，这是恢复整个玛丽斯河流域水文和生态功能项目的一部分。

The writing studio site is a small piece of land along the Marys River about 20 minutes from the owner’s home in town. The studio sits just uphill from riparian wetlands that are part of a project to restore hydrological and ecological function to the whole Marys River watershed.

写作室的设计是为了向游客揭示该地的生态复杂性，在这方面它是成功的。  工作室下面的小隧道让珍稀的爬行动物和两栖类动物通过地面的窗户进入视野。作为前台阶的集水盆吸引了鸟类和鹿的到来。正午时分，这些动物的剪影从水中投射到室内的天花板上。西面和北面的窗户框住了不同的鸟类栖息地--栅栏排树的顶端和山顶上升气流处的一片天空。屋顶的隔膜放大了雨声，而收集盆则是对过去降雨量的测量。

The writing studio is designed to reveal the ecological complexity of the site to visitors and in this way it is successful:  Small tunnels under the studio bring rare reptiles and amphibians into view through the floor-level window. The water collection basin that doubles as the front step draws in birds and deer. At midday, the silhouettes of these animals project from the water onto the interior ceiling. Windows on the west and north sides frame different bird habitats—the tops of fence row trees and the patch of sky at a hilltop updraft. The roof diaphragm amplifies rain sounds and the collection basin is a measure of past rainfall.

精心设计细节的背后有两个主要意图。1）工作室能够在没有道路的情况下建造，现场没有电力，也不需要大的挖掘；2）建筑在使用寿命结束后可以拆除和回收。

Two major intentions underlie careful design detailing: 1) that the studio be able to be constructed without road access, without electricity on site, and without major excavation and 2) that the building be removable and recyclable at the end of its useful life.

工作室分三个独立的施工阶段设计的方式，使得它的大部分内容可以在车间制作，然后将部件走到现场进行组装。第一阶段的施工是现场浇筑基础墩，浇筑基础墩是为了分散建筑在地面上的重量，并将水从钢架上排走。第二阶段，钢架是在车间制作的，并由履带式前装载机将其整块投放到桥墩上。不锈钢螺栓将渡槽红柏2x6连接到框架上，最后的舌榫红柏和玻璃围护层漂浮在这些槽中和橡胶发动机座上。没有不可逆转的连接。木质外壳可以根据需要逐件更新或回收。钢架可以按原样拆除，并可重复使用或回收。

The way the studio is designed in three separate construction stages made it possible to shop fabricate most of it and then to walk the parts to the site for assembly. The first stage of construction was the site-poured foundation piers that are cast to spread the weight of the building on the ground and to drain water away from the steel frame. The second stage, the steel frame, was shop fabricated and dropped in a single piece onto the piers by a track drive front loader. Stainless steel bolts connect dado-grooved cedar 2x6s to the frame and the final tongue-in-groove cedar and glass enclosure layer floats in those grooves and on rubber engine seats. There are no irreversible connections. The wood enclosure can be updated or recycled piece-by-piece as necessary. The steel frame can be removed the same way it arrived and can be reused or recycled.

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Project: Watershed

Architects: FLOAT Architectural Research and Design

Project location: United States 

Area: 4600 ft²

Year: 2008

Photo credit: J. Gary Tarleton