桥上公园：华盛顿11街大桥公园

我们设计的第11街大桥公园位于阿纳卡斯蒂亚十字路口，是一个车流交汇的路口。大桥公园将连接两个历史上截然不同的河流两岸，通过一系列的室外规划空间和活动区域，打造一个迷人的大桥公园。

Our design for the 11th Street Bridge Park-the Anacostia Crossing-is a place of exchange. The park at Anacostia Crossing will connect two historically disparate sides of the river with a series of outdoor programmed spaces and active zones that will provide an engaging place hovering above, yet anchored in, the Anacostia River. 

项目的目的在于打造更多的公共空间，而不仅仅只是建设一条高架道路。将桥公园设计成一个清晰的十字路口，在这里河两岸的居民可以相互交流，大桥公园大概将空间划分，打造一个多群体活动的社区公园，为附近的工作人员提供一个下班后的休憩空间，为居民提供一个闲逛的空间，为游客提供一个可以游玩的空间。

To create this place-more destination than elevated thoroughfare-we have designed the bridge park as a clear moment of intersection where two sides of the river converge and coexist. Anacostia Crossing will offer layered programs, presenting a new neighborhood park, an after-hours destination for the nearby workforce, a retreat for residents and a territory for tourists to explore. 

从河的每一边的入口小路，都是跳板一样倾斜的坡道，游客在任何方向都能最大限度地看到这个标志性的大桥，阿纳卡斯蒂亚小径延伸过河流，形成一个环线，从海军基地一侧环抱着小路，以一个简单的形态将两岸连接起来。桥梁的最终形式创造了一个标志，一个“X”平躺在河流上方。

Paths from each side of the river operate as springboards-sloped ramps that elevate visitors to maximized look out points to landmarks in either direction. Extending over the river, the Anacostia paths join to form a loop, embracing the path from the Navy Yard side and linking the opposing banks in a single gesture. The resulting form of the bridge creates an iconic encounter, an "X" instantly recognizable as a new image for the river.  

虽然这座桥的外形足够特殊，但它的特点和本质都植根于当地居民对这条河的认知，通过有序的设计规划，这座桥将展示该地区独特的文化和自然历史。为了鼓励游客全年都在桥上和附近社区逗留，桥上提供了舒适的设施和茶点(卫生间和食物)，缓解极端气候(阴凉和温暖)，以及着重的季节性设计，这座桥更像是一座舒适的室外“博物馆”。这两条路的交叉点形成了桥的中心交汇，一个开放的广场，为全年的市场、节日和戏剧表演提供了场所。围绕着广场的道路进一步加强了桥梁作为活动中心的作用，为玩耍、放松、学习和聚会提供了一系列指定区域。

While the bridge is a unique and iconic structure, its character and essence are rooted in making this river landscape accessible to the community. Through programmed activities the bridge will showcase the region's unique cultural and natural history. To encourage visitors to spend time on the bridge and neighboring communities throughout the year, amenities for comfort and refreshment (restrooms and food), mitigation of climate extremes (shade and warmth), and opportunities for seasonal programming are provided along the entire length of the bridge. The bridge provides a gateway to events with strong roots in the adjacent communities. The intersection point of the two paths shapes the central meeting point of the bridge-an open plaza that provides a flexible venue for markets, festivals, and theatrical performances held throughout the year. The paths that frame this plaza further enhance the bridge as a hub of activity, providing a sequence of zones designated for play, relaxation, learning and gathering.  

这些道路也形成了一个5%的斜坡上的高台，可以看到阿纳卡斯蒂亚河上的活动，也能看到华盛顿特区和阿纳卡斯蒂亚的其他著名地标。这些平台同时为东南侧的咖啡馆和西北侧的表演空间和吊床树林提供了阴凉和遮蔽，在每一边，每一个瀑布标志着流线的终点，并与下面的河流重新连接起来。在东侧，这个瀑布与一个活跃的过滤系统相连，该系统与桥梁附近的新湿地区域一起，可以进行水质的清洁过滤。

The paths also form elevated platforms on a 5% slope with views to the Anacostia River, the activities on the bridge, and prominent landmarks within Washington DC and Anacostia. These platforms simultaneously provide shade and shelter for the café on the southeast side and the performance space and hammock grove on the northwest side. At each side, a waterfall marks their terminus and reconnects them to the river below. On the east side, this waterfall is linked to an active filtration system that-together with new wetland areas adjacent to the bridge piersworks to actively clean the river around the Anacostia Crossing.  

活跃的区域和多层次的空间也能把游客的注意力吸引到河流本身，沿着桥的一系列空隙提供了玩耍的空间，表演空间和咖啡厅被分散在在桥上，从这儿可以看到下面的水域。这些区域让游客可以从多个有利位置，欣赏河流的壮丽，或是划船等娱乐活动。

The activated zones and multiple levels of the Anacostia Crossing also bring visitors down to the river itself. A series of voids along the bridge provide spaces for play and access down to the river itself. The performance space and café are each partially carved into the body of the bridge, creating intimate zones with views to the waters below. Together, these areas allow visitors to engage the river from multiple vantage points, from above to take in its majesty, or engaging with the waters for boating and recreation.  

环境教育中心将提供各种各样的项目，讲述河流400年的历史，阿纳卡斯蒂亚流域失去了很多原有的硬木森林覆盖，草地和潮汐湿地，因为那些生活在这里的人把这片土地当作商品而不是有价值的资源。阿纳卡斯蒂亚渡口将成为一盏明灯，它将照亮这条河流面临的健康挑战，并强调正在进行的清洁河流、建设社区和教育我们的众多努力所展示的可能解决方案。

The Environmental Education Center will provide a variety of programs which tell the rivers 400 year history of the River. The Anacostia watershed lost much of its original hardwood forest cover, grassland meadows and tidal wetlands due to the treatment of this landscape by those that lived here as a commodity and not a valued resource. Anacostia Crossing will be a beacon that illuminates the challenged health of the River as well as highlights the possible solutions demonstrated by numerous ongoing efforts to clean the river, build community and educate our 

next generation of river stewards and engaged citizens. 

我们的设计将成为一个催化剂，通过展现和教育来提高阿纳卡斯蒂亚河的生态完整性，增强生态系统，并恢复海岸线植被，使它再次成为美国最伟大的水道之一。Anacostia Crossing致力于促进华盛顿特区公民的健康，特别是那些住在6号、7号和8号大街的人的健康，这反映了社区对新的生活质量的渴望。该设计建立在现有的阿纳卡斯蒂亚河两岸步道的基础上，并与之相连，为公众参与和探索创造了一个新的地形，项目的元素也在第二阶段进行了扩展，为历史悠久的阿纳卡斯蒂亚中心提供了跳板，鼓励居民探索城市中的这个新地方。

Our design will serve as a catalyst to improve the ecological integrity of the Anacostia River through demonstration and education on ecosystem enhancement as well as restoration shoreline plantings making it once again one of our Nation's greatest waterways. Anacostia Crossing works to promote the health of the citizens of Washington DC particularly those who live in Wards 6, 7 and 8 reflecting the communities' aspirations for a new quality of life. The design builds upon and connects to the existing Anacostia Riverwalk Trails on both sides of the river and creates a new topography for the public to engage and explore. Programmatic elements are also extended in a Phase 2 to provide stepping stones to the heart of Historic Anacostia encouraging residents to explore this new place in the city. 

就像附近切萨皮克湾河口的海水一样，这里的盐水和淡水混合在一起，创造了丰富的生物多样性。建筑、景观和基础设施的充分融合创造了可持续的平等体验。

Much like the waters of the nearby Chesapeake Bay estuary, where salt and fresh water mix to create a rich biological diversity, the Anacostia Crossing creates a place for sharing the rich cultural diversity of communities on both sides of the river. The full integration of architecture, landscape and infrastructure allows for the creation of a socially sustainable civic experience. 

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设计单位：OMA 

官方网站：https://oma.eu/

地点:美国华盛顿特区

项目时间：2014年-至今

项目性质：委托研究

合作伙伴:Jason Long, Shohei Shigematsu

设计成员: Yusef Ali Dennis, Sunggi Park, Ahmadreza Schricker, Jeremy Kim, Alexandre Pavlidis, Lawrence Siu, Ruth Mellor, Slava Savova, Alex Yuen  

景观设计师: OLIN STRUCTURAL

结构工程：Arup COMMUNITY OUTREACH

成本顾问: Dharam Consulting

水文顾问: Tetra Tech

声学顾问: Threshold Acoustics 

照明设计师:L 'Observatoire

渲染:Luxigon

Location: Washington DC, USA 

web:https://oma.eu/

Client: 11th Street Bridge Park 

Year: 2014 – ONGOING 

Status: Commissioned Study 

Program: Infrastructure 

Partners: Jason Long, Shohei Shigematsu 

Team: Yusef Ali Dennis, Sunggi Park, Ahmadreza Schricker, Jeremy Kim, Alexandre Pavlidis, Lawrence Siu, Ruth Mellor, Slava Savova, Alex Yuen  

Collaborators:  

LANDSCAPE ARCHITE CT: OLIN STRUCTURAL ENGINEER: Arup COMMUNITY OUTREACH ADVISOR: ARCH Development COST CONSULTANT: Dharam Consulting HYDROLOGY CONSULTANT: Tetra Tech ACOUSTICS CONSULTANT: Threshold Acoustics THEATER CONSULTANT: Fisher Dachs Associates SUSTAINABILITY, LEED CONSULTANT: Atelier Ten ECOLOGY CONSULTANT: Habitat by Design OPEN SPACE PROGRAMMING, MAINTENANCE, OPERATIONS: ETM Associates PUBLIC ART ADVISOR: Cecilia Alemani LIGHTING DESIGNER: L'Observatoire RENDERING: Luxigon