山景住宅：Casa Palerm

公司：	OHLAB	类型：	建筑
地区：	西班牙	标签：	别墅私宅 \| 庭院花园

项目是Mallorca岛中心 Lloret de Vistalegre乡村旅馆的延伸部分。它是一座新的独立建筑，靠近原来的农舍，充当了小型度假屋的角色。这个项目遵循一个谨慎的架构，与周围的环境相结合，并且在经济和能效方面都显示出了很高的性价比。

Casa Palerm is as an extension of a rural hotel in the countryside of Lloret de Vistalegre, in the centre of Mallorca. It is a new independent building, close to the original farmhouse, which functions as a small holiday home. The project follows a discreet architecture, being integrated within its surrounding environment and performing efficiently, both economically and energetically.

项目是由一个紧凑而细长的坡屋顶组成的一层建筑。为了使用低成本的梁和结构，宽度保持在6米，布置与地势坡度平行，让所有房间都能欣赏到北部乡村和特拉蒙塔纳山脉的景色，并利用南部的阳光。这样的布局还有利于通风，自然采光和室内温度调节。

The program is resolved in one level with a compact and elongated volume with pitched roof. The width is kept to six meters in order to use low-cost beams and structure with no columns. The layout, parallel to the slope of the terrain, allows all the rooms to enjoy views of the countryside and the Tramontana mountains towards the north and take advantage of the south sun. This arrangement also favours crossed ventilations, natural lighting and the thermoregulation of the house.

从侧面看，一个想象中的盒子打开了空间，盒子形成了一个中心孔，即起居室。地面上，混凝土榫舌在生活空间的每一边形成了一个平台，将其扩展并与景观相连接。顶棚上，一排凉亭穿过中空空间，向两侧延伸。通过这种方式，露台能够抵御夏日阳光，而栅栏能够过滤阳光，从而创造了地中海式的灯光和阴影效果。这个空间的窗户可以完全隐藏在外立面的墙壁中，这样，客厅就成了一个外部走廊，融入了南北露台。

Transversely, the volume is perforated by an imaginary box creating a central hole, the living-dining room. On the floor, a concrete tongue creates terraces on each side of the living space, both enlarging and connecting it to the landscape. On the ceiling, a wattle (cañizo) pergola crosses the hollow space and expands on both sides. In this way, the terraces are protected from the summer sun, and the wattle filters the light - creating a Mediterranean play of lights and shadows. The windows of this space can be completely hidden in the walls of the façade, so that the living-dining room becomes an external porch and invades the north and south terraces depending on season.

位于南面的露台上，水泥地面延伸到一条由当地石头做成的宽阔的长凳上，在这里，人们可以透过房屋巨大的开口看到有框的景观，这个开口有意地采用了电影比例全景格式(2.66:1)。这一宽屏银幕的比例唤起了我们个人的想象，并将我们带回到老电影院。所以，从南边的露台上，我们可以看到起居室作为日常生活的舞台——全景田野和 Tramontana山脉。

On the south terrace, the concrete tongue ends with a wide bench made of local stone marés, from where one can view the framed landscape through the big opening of the house that intentionally has a panoramic format with a cinematographic proportion (2.66:1). This ratio of the old Cinemascope evokes the personal imagery that bring us back to old movie theatres. Thus, from the south terrace we can watch the living room as the stage of everyday life - with both the fields and the Tramontana mountains panoramically cropped as a backdrop.

▼项目露台设计概念 Terrace Design Idea

朝北的露台作为一个平台(在雨水槽上方)，用于观景与游泳。

Towards the north, the terrace works as a podium (above the rain water tank) to contemplate the views and the pool.

简单易行且有效的解决方案，无论从设计上还是节能效果上，都能让整座房子完美无缺。种植葡萄藤、马洛奎恩百叶和落叶树可以减轻夏季阳光照射的影响。雨存在水箱里，被用来灌溉成本低廉的地中海花园、马桶水箱和游泳池。采用传统的建筑细节，大量使用天然的和当地的材料，例如，简单的石灰砂浆抹灰、重复使用的瓷砖、水硬瓦、当地的马石、藤条、棕褐色的木材和手工水泥地板和水池。

Simple yet effective solutions, both in terms of design and energy efficiency, complete the house. The impact of the sun is mitigated by the wattle pergola, the Mallorquian shutters and the planting of deciduous trees provide shade in summer. Rainwater is stored in the water tank and then is reused for the irrigation of the low maintenance Mediterranean garden, the filling of the toilet tanks, and for the pool. Traditional construction details are used, as well as a palette of natural and local materials - such as rustic lime mortar plastering, reused ceramic roof tiles, hydraulic tiles, local mares stone, cane, sepi wood and artisan cement floors and sinks.