世界上最大的自行车停车场：Utrecht停车场与公共空间

荷兰人历来就是自行车的狂热爱好者。当人们发现自行车是城市可持续发展的关键要素时，这种热情进一步增长。新型自行车，如所谓的电动自行车的引入，正有助于推动这种大规模交通的转变。越来越多的公共交通中心将为自行车骑手提供广泛而友好的设施，因为越来越多的人开始喜欢把自行车和公共交通结合起来，而不再使用汽车。

Historically, the Dutch have always been fervent cyclists. This enthusiasm is now growing even further as cycling is being discovered as a key ingredient of the sustainable city. New bicycle typologies such as the introduction of the so-called e-bike are helping to amplify this shift in mass transportation. More and more public transport hubs will be complemented with extensive and user friendly amenities for cyclists, as increasing amounts of people begin to favour the combination of cycling and public transport over car use.

目前，Utrecht中心车站地区正在进行大规模改造，以修复六、七十年代进行的多项「现代化」工程留下的伤痕，并增加新功能，使之成为市中心充满活力和友好的一部分。为此，市区内的公路正在被更为宽阔的街道所取代，历史悠久的运河正在得到修复。另外，曾经把火车站与 Hoog Catharijne购物中心(均为荷兰最大的购物中心)连接在一起的庞大的现代大型基础设施，现在已经被拆除，以插入一条新的公共街道和广场，以及一个自行车停车库。新的" Stationsallee"是一条主要面向行人的街道，从30米宽的星形环形上升至6米高，广场被扩大，车站和购物中心的入口都位于此。广场上有个巨大的标志性天篷，使之前连接的各部分之间在此分流。

The Utrecht Central station area is currently undergoing a major makeover. By healing the scars left behind by a number of ‘modernizations’ carried out in the sixties and seventies and adding new functions to the area this part of Utrecht is designated to finally become a vibrant and friendly part of the city centre. To achieve this, inner city highways are being replaced by more modest streets and historic canals are being restored. Also, the huge modernist megastructure that once glued together the railway station and the Hoog Catharijne shopping mall (both the biggest of their kind in the Netherlands) has been taken apart, allowing for a new public street and square to be inserted, together with a bicycle parking garage. This new “Stationsallee”, a street aimed mainly at pedestrians rises by means of 30 meter wide starircases, to a level of 6 meters to widen into a square where the entrances of both the station and the shopping mall are situated. An enormous iconic canopy marks the square and enables a dry crossing between the parts that before have always been connected.

第三层自行车停车场位于广场下方。其目的有三：方便、快捷、安全。要做到这一点，骑自行车的人可以一直骑到自己的停车位。停车通道与自行车通道分开，以确保使用者不会妨碍骑车者通过系统。自行车道旁留有安装和拆卸的地方。一个适当的斜坡连接着不同层次的停车场，墙壁以颜色编码指示道路，电子信号指示免费停车位的位置。另外还有自行车修理店、自行车租赁店和一些楼层管理人员，以满足用户的各种需要。

The three storey bicycle parking is situated underneath the square. It has been designed with three aims in mind:  convenience, speed and safety. In order to achieve this in a facility of this scale cyclists are enabled to pedal all the way up to their parking slot. The parking lanes branch off the cycle paths, to ensure that users do not get in the way of cyclists passing through the system. Room for mounting and dismounting is left alongside the cycling lanes. Modestly sloping ramps connect the parking areas on different levels The walls are colour-coded to indicate the routing, and electronic  signals indicate the position of free parking slots. Additional facilities such as a cycle repair shop, a cycle rental outlet and several floor managers meet users’ every need.

台阶和隧道直接与高架广场，主候机楼和站台相连。为保证良好的朝向和充足的阳光，楼梯位于中庭，由玻璃屋顶覆盖。外墙上的大窗户使使用者能够看到站台和车站。

Stairwells and tunnels create direct connections to the elevated square, the main terminal building and the platforms. Ensuring good orientation and plenty of daylight, the stairwells are located inside atria covered by glass roofs. Large windows in the outer walls allow users views toward the platforms and the bus terminal. 

项目使用了耐用材料，例如混凝土，钢铁和经过化学处理的木材。这些材料结合在一起，在建筑中营造出一种温暖而愉悦的气氛。有三个混凝土柱子支撑着巨大的屋顶，一直延伸到停车区域。这种喇叭口形状的部件在地面的直径为5米，在顶部降至1.2米，每一个部件都是整体铸造的。

The bike park uses durable materials such as concrete, steel and chemically treated wood. In combination, these raw materials create an atmosphere in the building that still feels warm and pleasant. Three concrete columns supporting the giant canopy extend all the way down into the parking area. These trumpet-shaped elements have a diameter of 5 metres at floor level, falling to 1.2 m at the top, and each one is cast as a single element. 

项目不仅仅只是一个基础设施的建设，而这给城市增加了令人兴奋和惊奇的建筑风貌。骑自行车经过车库已成为一种独特的体验，不仅是城市日常生活的另一部分，也是城市本身的一大亮点。

The building is more than just infrastructure. It adds an exciting and surprising architectural dimension to the city. Cycling through the garage has become a unique experience; not just another part of everyday life in the city, but almost an attraction in its own right.

项目于2019年8月19日正式开放，届时它将拥有超过12500辆自行车的世界纪录。

The cycle parking area is officially open at 19 august 2019 an it will have a world record capacity of over 12,500 bikes. 

▼项目图纸 Drawings

项目名称：The World's Biggest Bicycle Parking

设计单位：Ector Hoogstad Architecten

项目地址： 荷兰 Utrecht

项目团队：Joost Ector，Max Pape，Chris Arts，Stijn Rademakers，Gijs Sanders，Ralph Sijstermans，Lesley Bijholt，Romy Berntsen，Daniel Diez，Kees Bongers，

施工管理：Royal HaskoningDHV

安装顾问：Royal HaskoningDHV

建筑物理：DGMR

防雷顾问：Arup

主要承包商：BAM Bouw en techniek

景观设计：Buro Sant en Co

项目年限：2019年

车库规模：21373m2

自行车道长度：1200m

占地面积（平方米）：8750m2

照片来源：Petra Appelhof

Client: The Municipality of Utrecht

Address: Stationsplein 

Design: Ector Hoogstad Architecten, Rotterdam, The Netherlands 

Project team: Joost Ector, Max Pape, Chris Arts, Stijn Rademakers, Gijs Sanders, Ralph Sijstermans, Lesley Bijholt, Romy Berntsen, Daniel Diez, Kees Bongers,

Construction management: Royal HaskoningDHV

Installation consultants: Royal HaskoningDHV

Building physics: DGMR

Lightning advice: Arup 

Main contractor: BAM Bouw en techniek 

Landscape design square: Buro Sant en Co 

Completion: Fase 1: Augustus 2017 Fase 2 Augustus 2019 

Gross floor plan bicycle parking:  21.373m2  

Length of bike path, 1200m

Length of bridge 45meter, 

Plot area in m² of quarter 21500 m2, 

Plot area in m² of the park: square is 8750m2

Size of parking facility m², number of parking places:12500

Photography: Petra Appelhof