印度·Studio Saar创造的社区公园

国际建筑实践机构Studio Saar已为其非营利客户Dharohar在拉贾斯坦邦乌代布尔重新开发了一个社区公园。这个经过改造的全新景观将一片废弃的湖滨公园变成了一个可供公众进入、安全且包容的空间。公园采用了受当地鸟类生态启发的遮蔽物、迷宫、游戏区和大面积的植物种植，旨在庆祝并重新连接当地居民和游客与乌代布尔的自然野生动物。

International architecture practice Studio Saar has redeveloped a community park in Udaipur, Rajasthan for its not-for-profit client Dharohar. The newly transformed landscape sees an underused, run-down lakeside park evolve into an accessible, safe and inclusive public space. Featuring a canopy inspired by the local birdlife, a maze, games area, and extensive planting, the park has been designed to celebrate and reconnect locals and visitors with Udaipur’s natural wildlife.

▽整体鸟瞰，overview.

乌代布尔的Udaan位于Swaroop Sagar湖畔，这是一座人工创建的湖泊，是市中心极少数的公共开放空间之一，以吸引大量候鸟而闻名。这次重新开发是Dharohar全市范围内由社区主导的“10 Lakh Vriksh”倡议的第一个完成的公园项目，旨在恢复城市中一系列公园和花园，包括种植和培育一百万棵树木，提供更多透气和绿色的城市空间给城市和居民使用。

Set on the banks of Swaroop Sagar Lake, an artificially created lake in Udaipur, Udaan is one of very few public open spaces in the centre of the city and is known for attracting large numbers of migratory birds. The redevelopment is the first park to complete in Dharohar’s city-wide, community-led initiative ‘10 Lakh Vriksh’ to revive a series of parks and gardens in the city – including the planting and nurturing of one million trees –to provide more breathable, green spaces for the city and its people.

在为期两年的重新开发过程中，Udaan公园的建设分阶段进行，以确保其在整个期间对游客开放。该公园位于一处不平坦而多石的岩石突出地带，现有的场地缺乏无阶梯通行和从街道层面的可见性，多年来一直被忽视，无法吸引游客去探索当地的野生动植物。Studio Saar与公园的自然地形合作，将基岩形态积极融入景观设计中，将这个面积为2,711平方米的场地重新构想为从街道到湖泊的旅程，创造了一系列互动的景观、植物和树木，适合各个年龄段的人参观。这个新的公园有助于将公共空间与湖边连接起来，通过自然过渡区为社区提供了冒险、探索和惊奇的场所。

Redeveloped over two years, Udaan Park was constructed in phases to ensure it remained open to visitors for the duration. Situated on an uneven and rocky outcrop, the existing site lacked step-free access and visibility from street level and had been neglected over the years failing to attract visitors to discover the local wildlife on offer.  Working with the natural topography of the park to positively integrate the bedrock formations within the landscape design, Studio Saar reimagined the 2,711 sqm site as a journey from the street down to the lake, creating a sequence of interactive landscapes, plants and trees, accessible for all ages. The new park helps connect the public realm to the lakeside, with a natural transition zone that offers a place of adventure, exploration and wonder for the community.

Udaan拥有多样化的具有特色的空间，通过当地种植团队种植的植物的感官香气、色彩和纹理相互连接，这些植物被选中因其能够抵御严酷的气候条件，同时帮助支持和扩展场地上的鸟类栖息地。

Udaan has a wide variety of characterful spaces, linked by the sensual aromas, colours and textures of locally sourced plants sown by the ’10 Lakh Vriksh’ team and chosen for their ability to withstand the harsh climate while helping support and expand the habitat for the bird communities on site.

▽轮胎迷宫，tyre maze.

场地的核心是一个引人入胜的遮荫篷，灵感源自频繁出现在该地区的壮观的燕党鸟群。在树枝结构的支撑下，由可回收塑料制成的34,000只真人大小的鸟形遮篷，既成为吸引人的焦点，又为座位和位于其下方的游戏区提供遮荫。

At the heart of the site is an inviting shading canopy that draws inspiration from the striking starling murmurations that frequent the area. Supported by a tree-truss structure, an awning of 34,000 life-sized birds made of recyclable plastic offers an engaging focal point while providing shade for the seating and games area situated beneath.

▽活动区域，play area.

公园内设有适合轮椅通行的迷宫，由开花植物、药用草药和小树所塑造，欢迎游客进入公园。从这个区域出发，公园的北部设有一个互动和动态的游乐区，包括独特的秋千结构和游乐隧道，鼓励儿童参与到新变革的空间中。在湖边，设有一个种植柔软抗旱草坪和新树木的区域，创造了一个宁静的空间，游客可以欣赏到鸟类和湖泊的景色。

A wheelchair-accessible maze, shaped by flowering plants, medicinal herbs and small trees welcomes visitors into the park. Leading on from this, in the north of the park, an interactive and dynamic play area with unusual swing structures and play tunnels encourages children to engage with the newly transformed space. At the lakeside, a soft planting area with drought-resistant grass and new trees creates a tranquil space where visitors can admire the birdlife and views of the lake.

与结构工程师Ami Engineers合作，并借鉴了Studio Saar对可持续发展的承诺，我们努力利用场地上现有的材料，为城市范围内的创造性再利用和重新利用材料设立了先例。废旧轮胎被用作种植器、秋千、游乐隧道和入口迷宫，而回收的印度纱丽绸被用于儿童游乐区秋千的绳索。所有非结构性的金属制品，从门和围栏到扶手和公园顶篷的部件，都由再利用的钢筋制成。

Working in collaboration with structural engineers, Ami Engineers, and drawing on Studio Saar’s commitment to sustainability, a conscious effort was made to reuse the existing materials available on site, setting a precedent for the inventive reuse and repurposing of materials across the city. Reclaimed tyres are used as planters, swings, play tunnels and for the entrance maze, while recycled saree fabrics are used for swing ropes in the children’s play area. All non-structural metalwork, from gates and fences to balustrades and parts of the park’s canopy, is made from repurposed steel reinforcement bars.

Studio Saar的Ananya Singhal表示：“随着乌代浦尔迅速城市化，该城市正面临严重的绿地消失风险，每人只有2平方米的可供公众使用的绿地，远低于世界卫生组织规定的9平方米标准。通过我们与Dharohar的持续合作，我们相信我们可以发起一场运动，通过由社区开发和维护的开放绿地来重新塑造这座城市。”

Ananya Singhal of Studio Saar says: “With Udaipur undergoing rapid urbanisation, the city is at a severe risk of depleting its green cover, having only 2m2 of publicly available green space per capita, well below the 9 m2 standard prescribed by WHO. With our ongoing work with Dharohar we believe we can ignite a movement to reshape the city with open green spaces developed and maintained by the community.”

Dharohar的Shivani Singhal表示：“与Studio Saar的合作让我们认识到优秀城市设计的重要性以及其对恢复社区空间的影响力。通过重新构想一个既具有吸引力又能激发兴趣的公园，该工作室帮助我们实现了创建一个鼓励人们探索大自然的公共公园的愿景。通过在现场重用现有材料，该工作室帮助我们减少了环境影响。我们对乌代浦尔的居民们能够参观这个公园并发现它为每个人提供了一些特别之处感到兴奋。”

Shivani Singhal of Dharohar says: “In working with Studio Saar, we realised the importance of good urban design and the influence it can have on reviving community spaces. By reimagining a park that is inviting and engaging, the studio helped bring our vision of creating a public park that encourages exploring nature to life. By reusing existing materials on site, the studio helped us in reducing our environmental footprint. We are excited for the people of Udaipur to visit the park and discover that it offers something for everyone.”

▽摆动区，swing area.