约翰内斯堡 Wits大学入口设计

公司：	Local Studio	类型：	景观
地区：	南非	标签：	艺术装置 \| 校园

项目WITS Gateways是当地Local Studio项目的一个重要部分，旨在通过将大学校园的人行入口改造为 "行人加油站"，促进约翰内斯堡市中心更多行人公共空间的发展。

The WITS Gateways projectillustrates an agenda of Local Studio to promote the development of more pedestrian public space in downtown Johannesburg through the reimagining of pedestrian entrances into a university campus as ‘filling stations for pedestrians’.

约翰内斯堡大大低于联合国人居署建议的人均15平方米公共开放空间的配额，因为在该市120年的历史中，大多数开放空间都被修建了。这使得只有私人空间和车辆街道是创造更多开放空间的机会。2011年，Local Studio与交通工程师合作，制定了一个计划，确定了市中心这部分所有的街道，可以实现步行化。他的研究委托人之一是Witwatersrand大学（WITS），该大学随后委托Local Studio设计了两个新的行人入口，与提议的行人路线相关。南非的大多数教育机构都与公众隔离，在2015年和16年“学费必须降低”的抗议活动之后，像WITS这样的大学近年来试图展现出更受欢迎的一面。两个新入口的简介要求保留门禁机制，并引入新的标识、信息门户、照明系统。两个入口也需要通过建造新的坡道和轮椅升降机，实现完全无障碍。1号入口取代了现有的入口，是该校最繁忙的人行入口，每天有超过20,000人通过。

Johannesburg scores significantly under on the UN Habitat recommended quota of 15m2 public open space per capita because over the city’s 120 year history, the majority of open spaces were built over. This has left only private spaces and vehicular streets as opportunities to create more open space. In 2011, Local Studio worked with traffic engineers and developed a plan to identify all the streets in this part of the downtown, which could be pedestrianized. One of the commissioners of his study was the University of the Witwatersrand (WITS) who subsequently appointed Local Studio to design two new pedestrian entrancesin relation to the proposed pedestrian routes. Most educational institutions in South Africa are walled off from the general public and in recent years, universities like WITS have tried to present a more welcoming frontfollowing the turbulent ‘Fees must Fall’ protests of 2015 and 16. The brief for the two new entrances asked that access control mechanisms be retained and new signage, information portals, lighting and waste management systems be introduced. Both entrances also needed to be fully barrier-free, through the construction of new ramps and wheelchair lifts. Entrance 1 replaced an existing gateway andis historically the busiest pedestrian entrance into the university, characterized by over 20,000 passes-through per day. Entrance 2 established a new access point between two buildings.

两个引人注目的建筑概念在两个入口都很明显，第一个是“编程墙”，它将校园的安全防线拉向内部，在城市一侧创造更多的空间。这面墙部分加厚，以适应安全转门和信息亭。另一种是“城市雨伞”，为到达和居住的学生提供庇护，并提供wifi和充电点。这些伞的位置临近规划的墙壁，发挥传统的人行道顶棚的作用。这些雨伞在晚上点亮，为校园内外的行人提供了一个安全的空间。

Two driving architectural concepts are evident at both entrances, the first being a ‘programmed wall’, which pulled the security perimeter of the campus inwards to create more space on the city side. This wall was thickened in parts to accommodate security turnstiles and information kiosks. The other is that of the ‘urban umbrellas’ which shelter arriving and dwelling students and provide wifi and charging points. These umbrellas are positioned adjacent to the programmed wall to perform the role of a traditional pavement canopy.The umbrellas light up at night, providing a safe space for pedestrians both inside and outside the campus.

除了信息亭之外，1号口还希望利用每天过往的大量学生，在这个 "程序化墙 "的外围设置了一个快餐柜台，以便为公众提供服务，同时在安静的时候进行监控。

In addition to the information kiosks, Entrance 1looks to capitalize from the masses of students passing through every dayand in this casethe ‘programmed wall’ houses a fast food counter, placed on the outer edge in order to serve members of the public as well as for passive surveillance at quieter times.

2号入口位于校园南边的两座1970年代的野蛮主义建筑之间。这里有更多的开放空间可供开发，与1号入口的方案一起，在巷子的顶部纳入了一个小公园。

Entrance 2 is carved between two 1970’s brutalist buildings on the campus’ southern edge. A lot more open space was available for development here and,along with the programs of Entrance 1, a small park was incorporated at the top of the alley.

这些入口已经启用两年了，与学生们的交谈发现，大多数人都对他们的新入口感到自豪。以前挤过一堵扁平的墙会让人觉得不体面、不舒服，而现在则是逐渐进入校园的过程。如今人们所熟悉的城市雨伞象征着安全和到达，就像汽车占主导地位的约翰内斯堡的汽车加油站为司机们所做的一样。

The entrances have been functional for two years and conversations with students have found that most are proud of their new entrances.What was previously an undignified and uncomfortable squeeze through a flat wall is now a gradual process of envelopment into the campus. The now familiar urban umbrella’s serve as a symbol of safety and arrival much like vehicular filling stations do for drivers in car-dominated Johannesburg.