扎沃多乌科夫斯克的中央公园

公司：	M4 project bureau	类型：	景观
地区：	俄罗斯	标签：	公共空间 \| 公园绿地

在于2021年进行改造之前，扎沃多乌科夫斯克的中央公园是一片小松树林，由于其位于市中心，因此有机会成为城市居民休闲的热门场所。2020年，扎沃多乌科夫斯克市在全俄小城镇和历史聚落营造舒适城市环境竞赛中获得第一名。该项目揭示了中央公园作为不同用户群体公共空间的潜力，同时又不破坏当地的自然景观。

Before the comprehensive improvement in 2021, Zavodoukovsk's Central Park was just a small pine forest, yet it always had chances to become a popular leisure spot, given its prime location in the city centre. In 2020, Zavodoukovsk won the All-Russian state competition for projects to create a comfortable urban environment for small towns and historical settlements. The main victory of the project was to unlock the potential of the park as a public space for various groups of visitors without disturbing the natural landscape of the place.

该项目的概念是生态公园。这一概念体现在设计方法、功能区的布置、建筑、色彩解决方案和所用材料上。其主要理念是对当地现有生态系统采取谨慎的态度，特别注重保护松树林。

The idea of an ecopark is the basis of the project concept. The concept is revealed in design approaches, functional zones arrangement, architectural and colour solutions and chosen materials. The main idea is a careful attitude to the existing ecosystem of the place, paying special attention to the preservation of the pine forest.

公园的新功能区复制了公园原有的区域：游乐场的位置和尺寸与现有的森林阶地相关，踩着前人的足迹设计了穿越草地的新路线。设计采用透水性极强的花岗岩砂铺设而成，有效避开植物根系，避免对树木根系破环。公园内的所有通道均采用透水路面的花岗岩砂粒材质。该项目保留了公园原有健康树木，让每一棵树完美融入到风景当中。该项目的实施使一条多沼泽的池塘和一条小溪得到了净化。作为项目的一部分，还采取了清理池塘和种植植物的措施，以防止该地区再次变成沼地。

The new functional zones of the park respond to the existing natural areas of the park: the arrangement and dimensions of the playgrounds are related to the existing forest glades; through-park transits are designed along existing paths and their fluid-permeable covering does not disturb the root system of trees. The paths are designed along existing trails and not a tree was harmed. All throughways in the park are designed with permeable pavement - granite screening. The project has preserved all healthy trees in the park, the architectural solutions take into account each tree and fit stylistically into the local landscape. Thanks to the project, a stream and a pond, which had been waterlogged for a longtime, were returned to the park. The project involved clearing the pond and placing plants to prevent the area from getting waterlogged again.

为了创造一个广受欢迎的公共场所，为不同年龄段的人设立了不同的区域：长廊、零售（咖啡馆）、活动、游戏和运动场地、安静的休闲场所、绳索公园、观景平台和摄影区。大型运动区包括街球、乒乓球、羽毛球和街头健身器材。在公园的活动区，修建了一个露天剧场和一个带顶棚的舞台，以取代原来的舞池。公园的其余部分则是一个 "安静" 区，人们可以在松树间和水边宁静地散步。

In order to create a popular space, the creators have provided activity zones and areas relevant for different ages: a promenade, retail (cafes), event, play and sports grounds, places of peaceful recreation, a rope course for active recreation, as well as observation decks and photo zones. The large sports zone includes streetball, table tennis, badminton and street fitness equipment. Instead of the old dance floor at the event zone there is now an amphitheatre and a stage with a canopy. The rest of the park is a "quiet" zone for peaceful walks among the pine trees and along the water.

对于项目的设计者来说，当地的自然环境是灵感的源泉。松树的垂直韵律与长廊和运动场的围栏互相呼应，游乐区采用天然的小型木质建筑形式，而堤坝独特的围栏则是松树林的形象。水磨坊则体现了这座城市的农业历史。颜色、纹理和材料都接近自然色调。运动场是公园最醒目的色彩点缀。不过，运动场的围栏也支持公园的自然美学。

Local nature has become a source of inspiration. The vertical rhythms of the pine trees are echoed by the fences of the embankment and the sports ground, the play area has natural small architectural forms made of wood, and the unique fences of the embankment are the image of the pine forest. The water mill refers to the agrarian history of the city. Colours, textures and materials are close to natural shades. The main bright accent in the park is the sports ground. However, its fencing also supports the natural aesthetics of the park.

游乐场也是用天然材料建造的。主要覆盖物是园林覆盖物。橡胶覆盖层局部用于表现游戏路线。孩子们可以在橡胶面层的岛屿之间跳跃，从而创造出一种新的游戏场景。

The playground is also made of natural materials. The main covering is wood mulch. The rubber covering is added locally to create a play route. It is possible to jump between the islands of rubber covering, which creates a new play scenario.

进行改造后，公园已成为该市的主要活动场所之一：节日、寒暑假、体育比赛、大师班和博览会都在这里举行。无论何时何地，公园的场地都会受到该市居民的热烈欢迎。

After the improvement, the park has truly become one of the main event venues of the city: festivals, summer and winter holidays, sports competitions, master classes and fairs are held here. Regardless of the time of year and day, the park's grounds are extremely popular among the city's residents.