地尽其用：重庆心湖北体育文化公园

公司：	GVL怡境国际设计集团	类型：	景观
地区：	中国	标签：	公园绿地 \| 儿童空间

城市建设常会留下一些“边角地”，因面积太小，大多闲置。2018年8月，重庆启动在建成区利用边角地建设社区体育文化公园行动，计划到2020年修建92个社区体育文化公园，由GVL怡境国际设计集团设计的重庆心湖北体育文化公园正是首批建成的边角公园之一。

In the urban construction, there are always some plots left because of their limited areas. Since August, 2018, Chongqing has begun to make use of this kind of lands to build a series of sports culture parks, ninety two of which will have been built by 2020. Designed by GVL, Chongqing Xinhu North Sports Culture Park is one of the first completed parks.

▲场地周边调研。

Research on the surroundings

公园地处重庆大渡口区北部，双园路、山川路和山河路交叉处，周边分布着密集的居住区，区内缺少大型活动场地。从周边居民的实际需求出发，设计团队充分利用场地原有资源，以体育文化为核心，打造了一个满足全年龄活动的社区公园。

Located in the north of Dadukou District where Shuangyuan Road, Shanchuan Road and Shanhe Road meet, the park is surrounded by high-density residential communities which are in need of activity spaces. Based on the demands of the local residents, GVL team has taken advantages of the natural resources and created a sports culture park for all ages.

▲ 总平面图。

Overall plan

地尽其利高差处理

Make the best of the land ------- height difference

▲ 巧妙利用高差形成活动空间。

原始用地红线面积为20452㎡，东西约长140m，南北约长170m，场地内部高差大，最高点与最低点高差达13.5m，平缓地势少，地势相对复杂。以尊重场地原始地貌为前提，设计团队在原高差的基础上进行土方平衡的设计。为便于施工，竖向设计上考虑了软处理的手法，即采用缓坡、草坪、绿篱等方式，避免挡土墙，尽可能保留山地特征。

Occupying an area of 20,452 m2, the site is about 140 m long from the east to the west and 170 m from the south the north. The terrain is complicated with multiple height differences ----- height difference between the highest part and the lowest part reaches 13.5 m. Trying to keep the original hilly terrain, the design team has created gentle slopes, lawns and hedges instead of retaining walls.

▲ 场地铺设透水材料，引流雨水。

permeable pavement ensures good drainage.

▲ 原来的“积水坑”变成“沙池”，周边设有排水沟以防雨水再积聚。

the sand pool with drainage ditches around replaces the puddle to prevent rainwater from gathering.

▲ 沙池边休憩阶梯，家长可“居高临下”看护孩子。

steps for parents to take a rest and watch over their children.

巧用天时日照分析

Make the best of the climate -------- sunlight analysis

▲ 实景鸟瞰图，楼盘成为园区的“庇荫”。

Aerial view of the park——surrounding buildings well shelter the park.

重庆素有火炉之称。在实地考察时，设计团队发现周边楼盘的影子恰好覆盖在地块中，而公园人流最盛莫过于早晚时分，由此萌生结合当地日照环境布置园区景观功能的想法，以降低场所能量的损耗，增加使用者的舒适度。

Chongqing is well known as one of the four “furnace cities” in China. When studying on the site, the design team were happy to find the surrounding buildings happened to shadow the park. Thus they’ve analyzed the sunlight and the living habits of the local residents, creating a series of landscapes and sports facilities accordingly.

▲ 当地夏至日照分析。sunlight analysis on the Summer Solstice

▲ 当地冬至日照分析。

sunlight analysis on the Winter Solstice

将儿童活动区置在夏冬两季通风区，冬季日照充足的区域，夏季遮荫处；健身区设置在冬季日照条件较适宜的区域，以便人们在冬季活动接受充足的阳光的照射，各种健身器材东西向排列坐南朝北，配合落叶遮荫树来满足冬季和夏季不同的需求。

The children’s playground is designed in the ventilated area. Varied fitness equipment and deciduous trees are scientifically arranged in or around the fitness area, allowing people to enjoy sunlight in winter and shadows in summer.

▲ 老人健身区。

fitness area for the elderly

▲ 儿童活动区。

playground for children

百家相聚廊架设计

Gathering center ------- the central corridor

▲ 公园中心廊架。

旧时育儿习俗，收集各家碎布拼缝一件“百家衣”，给小孩穿上就能得百家之福。用城市建设留下的边角地修建社区公园，发心与百家衣一样充满善意。基于此，在设计整个公园中心点的廊架时，设计师参照清华大学艺术博物馆藏的清代暗花绸女百衲衫，试图以其鲜明的色彩、质朴的造型，为使用者创造一个亲切而独特的记忆点。

In the old days, Chinese people had the tradition of making clothes with rags collected from other families, because they believed that children wearing this kind of clothes would be blessed. Making use of the left lands to build sports parks for the communities is also a blessing for the residents. Based on this tradition, the designers have made reference to the blessed clothes of Qing Dynasty which is collected in the Art Museum of Tsinghua University, trying to create a friendly and unique corridor for the users with its fresh colors and elegant structure.

廊架作为中国园林中最重要的结构元素之一，主要起到联系点和组织游览路线的作用。“来到这个公园的人，或许不知道这个廊架的设计原理，但大家一看就觉得很亲切，一提及就知道它在哪，起到快速识别的功能、形成聚合效应，这就是我们的设计初心。”设计师说。

As one of the most important landscape elements in traditional Chinese gardens, corridor is mainly used for connection and leading the way. “Visitors to the park may have no idea about the design idea, but they will feel warm and familiar with it. This recognizable gathering corridor is just what we want.” said the designers.

▲ 色彩清爽，便于识别。

recognizable fresh colors

▲ 结构简约，最大限度释放空间。

simple and elegant structure

▲ 廊架底下聚集了各类小贩。

vendors gathering in the corridor

林下凉街绿化空间

Shady street provides green spaces

▲ 林下休憩空间。

shady space for taking a rest

考虑到城市空间肌理的传承和延续，设计团队用树阵的方式去营造重庆老街传统建筑的高度感，并参照重庆老街的宽度设计公园的园路。将城市的肌理与尺度转化为不同功能的景观空间，这也是消除隔阂感的一种方式。

To continue the urban context, the design team uses tree groups to imitate the traditional buildings along traditional Chongqing streets. The width of the path is also designed according to the traditional street. Transforming the urban context and scale into different landscape spaces is also a way to eliminate the sense of strangeness.

▲ 园路宽度参照重庆老街而设计。

The width of the path makes reference to traditional Chongqing streets

▲ 公园出入口结合周边社区的人流动线而设置，刚种植的树木还没完全长起来。

The entrance and exit of the park is designed according to the flow of people. Trees were newly planted.

地面铺装多采用透水沥青、仿石砖等生态环保材料，而绿化主要选用当地植物。设计师说：“公园是百家相聚的场所，林下空间一定是人气最旺的区域。现在植物刚种下去还不明显，等它们长起来整个空间会更舒服。”

The ground is mainly paved with environment-friendly permeable asphalt and ashlar bricks, and the green plants are mainly selected from local species. Just as the designers said, “the park is the place for hundreds of families, and the green spaces under trees will be ideal place for them to stay and relax. When the trees and plants grow up, they will make the spaces more comfortable.”

▲ 雨后坐椅。地面用的是仿石砖。

bench after rain/the ground is paved with ashlar bricks.

▲ 健身步道。铺装采用透水沥青。

footpath paved with permeable asphalt

▲ 健身步道上被花儿吸引的老人。

the elderly attracted by flowers

亲子互动活动设施

Parent-children interaction -------- activity facilities

▲ 鼓励的“凝视”。

Encouraging “stare”

在布置各类体育运动场地时，设计团队根据社区调研及人群分析划分了不同的功能区域，以最大程度实现全年龄、全民健身的理念，满足周边居民的运动健身需求，而在所有功能分区中，最受欢迎的是儿童活动区，常常“上演”感人的亲子互动画面。

According to the survey on the living habits of different people, the design team has designed different sports spaces for all ages, among which the most popular space is the children’s playground. Interactions between parents and children are quite normal but exteremely touching in this area.

▲ 初次玩滑梯，上有姐姐“护航” ,下有爸爸“保驾”。

the first sliding experience secured by elder sister and father

▲ 冒雨打羽毛球的爷孙俩。

Grandfather and grandchild are playing badminton in the rain.

▲ 与宠物赛跑的男孩。

the race between the bog and his pet

▲ 夕阳下的“足球种子”。

football players under the setting sun

城市更新从公有到共有

Urban renovation: from public to sharing

据相关部门统计，重庆心湖北体育文化公园自开放后，日均人流量达到3300多人次，除了周边居民，街道、学校也常常来此举办活动。从住区到社区，从公有到共有，边角公园进一步扩大人与人的交往空间，提供了更多样的生活方式。

According to the official statistics, since its opening, the number of visitors to the Chongqing Xinhu North Sports Cuture Park has reached an average of 3,300 person-times per day. Besides the nearby residents, the sub-district offices and schools would also like to hold activities here. From a publicly-owned land to a sharing space, the park has greatly encouraged the communication between people and provided a more colorful lifestyle.

▲ 场地原貌。

site before renovation

▲ 场地现貌。

site after renovation

闲置的边角地常常成为城市美化的“死角”。作为有别于传统意义的城市公共设施，边角公园如果能被专业地对待，即便再小亦可承载文化、生态、社交等功能。增加城市开敞空间，优化城市形象、提升城市品质，建设“公园城市”，边角公园在角落里悄悄绽放。

The idle lands usually become “dead corners” of a city. Different from traditional urban public facilities, corner parks will play an important role in promoting the development of the culture, ecology and society if well treated and designed. Adding to urban open spaces, optimizing the city image and promoting the city quality, corner parks are now blooming everywhere. And they are pretty important in building a park city.