2020年国际花园节 Paysage de Feu 艺术装置

公司：	Vazio S/A	类型：	景观
地区：	法国	标签：	艺术装置

2020年的卢瓦尔河畔肖蒙庄园国际花园节于去年5月开幕，在展览的花园中，坐落着Vazio S/A设计公司用Cerrado的树木制作的装置作品 "Paysage de Feu"。享有国际声誉的肖蒙庄园是 "园林和当代景观创作领域的世界实验室"，其举办地是位于卢瓦尔河谷的一座建于500年前的城堡，该地区位于法国内陆，被联合国教科文组织列入名录，以文艺复兴时期的辉煌城堡而闻名。2月，经过巴西-法国9000多公里的长途跋涉，Cerrado的树枝到达了肖蒙庄园，并在那里进行了组装。

The 2020 edition of the International Garden Festival in Chaumont-sur-le-Loire was opened last May, and among the gardens of the exhibition is Paysage de Feu, Vazio S/A’s installation made with trees from the Cerrado. With an international reputation, Chaumont is “the world laboratory in the field of gardens and contemporary landscape creation”, and takes place on the premises of a castle built 500 years ago in the Loire Valley, the region in the interior of France listed by UNESCO and known for its splendid Renaissance castles. In February, and after a long Brazil-France trip of more than 9,000 kilometers, the branches of the Cerrado arrived in Chaumont, where they were assembled tip down.

花园

Paysage de Feu是我们为今年主题为 "回归地球母亲 "的国际花园节提出的建议，它将Cerrado的破坏作为项目的座右铭。在过去的几个月里，全世界的目光都投向了亚马逊河的燃烧，而Cerrado却继续被破坏，变成了大豆和牧场，没有引起任何国家或国际的反响。

The garden

Paysage de Feu, our proposal for the Chaumont Festival whose theme this year is “Return to Mother Earth”, takes the destruction of the Cerrado as a project motto. In the last few months, the eyes of the world have turned to the burning of the Amazon, while the Cerrado continues to be destroyed to become soy and pasture without any national or international repercussion.

▽装置平面图 Plan

Paysage de Feu是一个由修剪过的树枝和烧过的原木组成的作品，这些树枝和原木都是在Sierra da Moeda山脚下的保护区收集的，该保护区靠近Cerrado之家（也是由Vazio S/A设计）。该项目将树枝排成一排，就像挂在冰箱里的被宰杀的动物一样，并作为米纳斯吉拉斯州、戈亚斯州和巴伊亚州的物种的 "遗迹植物园"。原则上，它是一个由植物倒立暴露的死亡花园。

Awarded by the Festival’s jury, Paysage de Feu is an arrangement of pruned branches and burned logs collected in a protected area at the foot of Sierra da Moeda, a mountain range close to the Cerrado House (also designed by Vazio S/A). The project showcases the branches in line, like slaughtered animals hanging in a refrigerator, and functions as a “posthumous botanical garden” of species found in the states of Minas Gerais, Goiás and Bahia. In principle, it is a dead garden made up of plants exposed upside down.

▽装置立面图 Elevation

除了明显的参考屠宰场，花园的另一个内涵是塞拉多是一个树根比树枝大得多的树木生物群落。它们是适应干旱地区的植物，能够达到非常低的地下水位，因此，它们是陆生植物而不是气生植物。没有眼睛和耳朵的器官，探索一个没有太阳和运动的地下世界，树根使树木成为两栖生物，连接大地和空气，生活在一个神秘的世界，滋养寻求光的叶子(Emanuele Coccia, 2016)。正是在塞拉多的酸性和无用的土壤深处，他们找到了其他生物无法找到的生命，把他们接触到的一切都转化为能量和食物。

In addition to the obvious reference to slaughterhouses, another connotation of the garden is that the Cerrado is a biome of trees with roots much larger than the branches. They are plants adapted to drier regions, capable of reaching very low water tables and, therefore, plants that are more terrestrial than aerial. Organs without eyes and ears that explore an underground world without sun and movement, the roots make trees into amphibious beings, linking earth to air, living in a cryptic world and nourishing the leaves that seek the light (Emanuele Coccia, 2016). It is precisely in the depths of the acid and useless soil of the Cerrado that they find life where no other organism does, transforming everything they touch into energy and food.

火的景观

从技术上讲，枝条扭曲的一面可以用 "顶端分枝的燃烧 "来解释。所有的植物都有一个顶端的分枝(生长区)和不活动的次生分枝，只有当顶端的分枝死亡时才会工作。瑟拉多发生的周期性火灾，顶端分生体会被烧毁，随之而来的是次生分生体会被激活，并开始向另一个方向生长。当分析一些只有在被烧毁后才会发芽的种子--这可以被认为是对火灾的保护--甚至当分析极厚的树皮时，由于自然原因而偶尔发生火灾的解释也获得了依据，这也是对火灾的另一种保护。

Landscape of Fire

Technically, the twisted aspect of the branches is explained by the "burning of the apical meristem." All plants have an apical meristem (growth zone) and secondary meristems that are inactive, only working if the apical meristem die. With the periodic fires that occur in the Cerrado, the apical meristem would be burned and, with that, the secondary meristem would be activated and a growth in another direction would begin. The explanation of occasional fire for natural reasons gains ground when analyzing some seeds that only germinate after being burned - which can be considered a protection against fire - or even when analyzing the extremely thick bark, which is another protection against fire.

如果说这里树木的曲折形状是因为自然火灾的缘故，那么我们这个生物群落的植物构成就是适应火灾破坏的结果。热植被景观由两种类型的热植被组成：被动的热植被，由抵抗火灾的物种组成（卷曲树）；主动的热植被，由由于火灾而再生的物种组成（草）。

If the convoluted shapes of the trees here are like this because of natural fires, then we have the plant composition of this biome as a consequence of its ability to adapt to destruction by fire. A pyro-landscape consisting of a pyro-vegetation of two types: passive pyrophytes, of species that resist fire (convoluted trees); and active pyrophytes, made up of species that regenerate thanks to fire (grasses).

Paysage de Feu是一个热带稀树草原，它漂浮在(并且不触及)卢瓦尔河谷冰冷的沙质土壤上;一个倒置的分支根矩阵，为塞拉多，树，火提出了其他的含义。

Much more alive than dead, Paysage de Feu is a tropical savanna that floats over (and does not touch) the cold, sandy soils of the Loire River valley; a matrix of inverted branch-roots that proposes other meanings for the Cerrado, the trees, the fires.