西班牙·Gomila建筑群

由MVRDV和GRAS Reynés Arquitectos联合设计的Project Gomila是一个建筑的集合，计划中的七座建筑目前已有五座完工，每个建筑都因他们的颜色、材料和屋顶轮廓而有自己的个性，这个项目正在改变El Terreno附近的Plaza Gomila地区。在Gomila项目一期之后，共增加了60个不同大小和类型的新住宅，以及新的商业空间，这已经使El Terreno成为一个充满活力、绿色、可持续的住宅区。

Designed by MVRDV and GRAS Reynés Arquitectos, Project Gomila is a collection of buildings, each with their own individual character derived from their colours, materials, and rooflines, that is transforming the area around Plaza Gomila in the neighbourhood of El Terreno. Adding a total of 60 new dwellings of various sizes and types, as well as new commercial spaces, after one phase Project Gomila is already well on the way to reviving El Terreno as a vibrant, green, sustainable residential neighbourhood.

El Terreno以戈米拉广场(Plaza Gomila)为中心，靠近城市的港口，是帕尔马的一个历史街区，在60年代和70年代以其夜生活而闻名，音乐家如Jimi Hendrix、Ray Charles和Tom Jones在其波西米亚夜总会上举办过著名的演出。经过长期的忽视和衰落，马略卡岛Camper鞋品牌的所有者Fluxà家族在广场周围购买了一系列相邻地块，启动了一个更新计划，呼应了Camper将传统与创新和创造力相结合的理念。

Centred around Plaza Gomila, close to the city’s harbour, El Terreno is a historic neighbourhood of Palma that in the ‘60s and ‘70s was known for its nightlife, with famous performances by musicians such as Jimi Hendrix, Ray Charles, and Tom Jones in its bohemian nightclubs.   After a long period of neglect and decline, the Fluxà Family, owners of the Mallorca-based Camper shoe brand, purchased a series of neighbouring plots around the Plaza, initiating a renewal plan that echoed Camper’s philosophy of combining heritage with innovation and creativity

第一阶段完成的五座建筑包括Gomila中心，它是该社区的中心。这座白色建筑的底层是由建筑师Pere Nicolau于1979年设计的翻新工程，设有一个宽敞的露台，餐厅、办公空间和公寓围绕着这座中心建筑的一系列阶梯式露台和阳台拔地而起，Gomila中心旁边是被称为Las Casitas的红色联排别墅，其顶部是屋顶露台，为附近居民创造了社交空间。

The five buildings completed in phase one include the Gomila Center, which forms the heart of the neighbourhood.  A renovation of a 1979 design by architect Pere Nicolau, on the ground floor this white building features a spacious patio, with a restaurant, office spaces, and apartments rising around this central feature in a series of stepping terraces and balconies.  Next to the Gomila Centre are the red townhouses known as Las Casitas, which are topped by a landscape of rooftop terraces allowing neighbouring residents to socialise together.

在Gomila中心的另一侧，位于一个显眼的街角，是Las Fabri Casas，这是一套锯齿形屋顶的排屋，拥有蓝色陶瓷外墙。这座建筑的背后是一座低碳公寓楼，由压缩土块建造而成，配有一个公共屋顶游泳池，可以欣赏到附近的贝尔维尔城堡（Bellver Castle）的景色。最后，Gomila广场本身的街道对面是绿色建筑La Plaza，这是对现有建筑的改造，其中包括历史悠久的Bellver酒吧、办公室和一个能够享受到海湾和大教堂景色的公共屋顶。

On the other side of the Gomila Center, located on a prominent street corner, is Las Fabri-Casas, a set of row houses with a saw-tooth roof completed with blue ceramic façades.   Tucked behind this is a low-carbon apartment building constructed of compressed earth blocks, with a communal rooftop swimming pool that offers views towards the nearby Bellver Castle. Finally, across the street on the  Plaza Gomila itself is the green building La Plaza, a transformation of an existing building that hosts a revival of the historic bar Bellver, offices, and a communal rooftop with views of the bay and the cathedral.

Gomila建筑采用了许多与Passivhaus标准相同的原则，包括高热效率和被动气候控制措施，如百叶窗和交叉通风，以减少能源需求。为了利用马略卡岛的日照时间，屋顶安装了太阳能电池板，而热回收系统则进一步降低了建筑的能耗。为了减少施工过程中的碳排放，许多材料都是当地采购的。

The Gomila buildings are energy neutral, using many of the same principles developed for the Passivhaus standard including high thermal efficiency and passive climate control measures such as  shutters and cross ventilation to reduce energy needs. To utilise the many sun hours of Mallorca, the rooftops host solar panels while heat recovery systems further reduce the buildings’ energy  consumption. Many of the materials have been sourced locally, reducing the carbon produced by the construction.

▽Gomila Center循环分析图

▽Las Casitas循环分析图

▽Las Fabri-Casas循环分析图

MVRDV创始合伙人Jacob van Rijs表示：“Gomila项目是一个令人兴奋的建筑项目——七座建筑中的每一座都可以单独作为自己的独立设计，但同时它们也被视为给Gomila带来新动力的整体。“当你整体看向建筑时，你会看到一堆色彩斑斓的建筑，它们仍然以某种方式作为一个整体在一起工作。”

“Project Gomila is an exciting architectural project – each of the seven buildings can stand alone as its own individual design, and yet at the same time they are also carefully considered as an ensemble that gives Gomila a fresh boost”, says MVRDV founding partner Jacob van Rijs.“When looked at together, you see a colourful collection of buildings that still somehow work together as a group.”

▽Gomila Center

▽Las Fabri-Casas

▽Las Casitas

▽La Plaza

▽ Rammed Earth Building

▽ Casa Virginia

▽ Villa

MVRDV创始合伙人Winy Maas补充说:“在城市化方面，这个概念围绕着建筑的多样性展开。”“有些设计更适合家庭住宅，有些更适合单身或情侣公寓;有些建筑完全是住宅，其他的则将商业功能混合在一起。这种人和空间的多样性将有助于恢复El Terreno失去的活力。”

“In terms of urbanism, the concept revolves around the diversity of the buildings”, adds MVRDV founding partner Winy Maas.  “Where some of the designs are more suited to family homes, others are more suited for apartments for singles or couples;  where some buildings are fully residential, others bring commercial functions into the mix.  This diversity of people and spaces will help bring back El Terreno’s lost vibrancy.”

▽ 材料分析图

▽ 室外空间分析图

▽ 顶层空间分析图

GRAS Reynés Arquitectos的创始人Guillermo Reyné表示：“Gomila项目激活了帕尔马的一个新中心，这不仅是社区居民，也是所有公民的新聚会和参考点。”“该项目受到了广泛的欢迎，勾起了palmesano对该地区的美好回忆。”

“The Gomila Project activates a new centrality in Palma, a new meeting and reference point not just for the people in the neighbourhood, but for all the citizens”, says Guillermo Reynés, founder of GRAS Reynés Arquitectos. “The project has been very well received, bringing back good memories that Palmesanos had of the area”

▽  Las Fabri-Casas分析图

▽ Las Casitas分析图

▽ Las Fabri-Casas分析图

该项目的后续阶段将增加两座建筑:黄色的Casa Virginia，以及Gomila中心旁边的小别墅，两者都是对现有社区建筑的翻新。

The following phases of the project will add two further buildings to the ensemble: the yellow Casa Virginia, and a small villa next to the Gomila Center, both renovations of existing neighbourhood buildings.

▽ Las Fabri-Casas灵感来源

▽ Las Casitas灵感来源

项目名称:Project Gomila

地点:帕尔马，马略卡岛，西班牙

年份:2018 - 2023

客户:Doakid & Forch Med

面积和项目:15,000平方米

建筑师：MVRDV+GRAS Reynés Arquitectos

创始合伙人：Winy Maas、Jacob van Rijs、Nathalie de Vries

合作伙伴：Fokke Moerel

设计团队：Jose Ignacio Velasco Martin、Jonathan Schuster、Samuel Delgado、Mathias Pudelko、Marek Nosek、Jonas Andresen、Alicja Pawlak、Simone Costa、Ranmalie Matararachi、Carl Jarnevin

图片：©MVRDV+GRAS

版权所有：MVRDV Winy Maas、Jacob van Rijs、Nathalie de Vries

联合建筑师：GRAS Reynés Arquitectos（Guillermo Reynes，Mayca sánchez Carvajal，Alejandro）Domingo Leal、Mikolaj Zajda Giacomo Sorino、Mariano Esposito）

承包商：Ferratur、Bibiloni、Tarraco

结构工程、MEP和成本计算：EA Engineers Assessors

平面设计：Mario Eskenazi, Arauna Studio

Project Name: Project Gomila

Location: Palma, Mallorca, Spain

Year: 2018-2023

Client: Doakid & Forch Med

Size and Programme: 15,000m2

Architect: MVRDV + GRAS Reynés Arquitectos

Founding Partner in charge: Winy Maas, Jacob van Rijs, Nathalie de Vries

Partner: Fokke Moerel

Design Team: Jose Ignacio Velasco Martin, Jonathan Schuster, Samuel Delgado, Mathias Pudelko, Marek Nosek, Jonas Andresen, Alicja Pawlak, Simone Costa, Ranmalie Mataraarachchi, Carl Jarneving

Images: © MVRDV + GRAS

Copyright: MVRDV Winy Maas, Jacob van Rijs, Nathalie de Vries

Co-architect: GRAS Reynés Arquitectos (Guillermo Reynes, Mayca Sánchez Carvajal, Alejandro

Domingo Leal, Mikolaj Zajda Giacomo Sorino, Mariano Esposito)

Contractors: Ferratur, Bibiloni, Tarraco

Structural engineering, MEP, & Cost calculation: EA Engineers Assessors

Graphic Design: Mario Eskenazi, Arauna Studio