萨拉米斯岛的避暑住宅

公司：	AREA	类型：	建筑
地区：	希腊	标签：	别墅私宅

项目位于雅典附近的萨罗尼克湾萨拉米斯岛上，这座不起眼的避暑住宅的设计理念基于其场地和环境，以及人文背景。小岛的地理优势使其在古代时，将该岛与大陆分开的狭窄直道在萨拉米斯战役中发挥了重要作用，但随着该地区在希腊造船业中长期强大作用的消亡，小岛的未来也不知去向。萨拉米斯岛的地形位置反映了其后工业景观的不确定性，位于陆地和海洋，城市和自然之间，与希腊度假岛屿的典型特征相悖。萨拉米斯缺乏典型海滨岛屿的美学特征和潜在的外向性，是一个较为封闭的居住区类型用地。

Fundamental questions about site, context and landscape were the driving forces behind the design of this modest summer home on the island of Salamis, in the Saronic Gulf near Athens. While the history of the island is dominated by its geography -- in antiquity, the narrow straights separating the island from the mainland were famously instrumental in the Battle of Salamis -- the recent demise of the area's long and powerful role in the Greek ship building industry emits a palpable sense of ambiguity about the island's future. A mirror to the uncertainty of its post-industrial landscape, Salamis' topographic position between land and sea, city and nature, resists the typical characterizations of a Greek island get-away. Lacking the aesthetic traits and assumed extroversion of the typical seaside destination, Salamis is home to a decidedly inward-looking community of residents.

场地本身小而平，缺乏景观视野和较为显著的特征。场地优势在于拥有一棵橄榄树和一口井。建筑通过“内省”机制来阐述场地地形，通过气候和户外空间的基本资源将这种机制组织成周边条件，发展自己的自给自足的场地特色。

The plot itself is small and flat, lacking a view and without particularly remarkable features. Its primary virtues are an olive tree and a well. The house interprets the topography of the site through the mechanism of "introspection", organized as a perimeter condition that develops its own self-sufficient virtues through the fundamental resources of climate and outdoor space.

岛上大多数常住住宅是通过长期积累内置的扩建，用这种添加“假体”的方式来扩充空间，而这座避暑别墅则从包含雕塑空隙的单一材料体积中做“减法”。从这个意义上说，度假的意义与其说是要复刻城市的所有物质生活，不如说是“为了享受家外之家的宁静而脱下外衣”的隐喻。

In contrast to most of the island's year-round residences, which tend to exhibit a make-shift, "prosthetic" approach to spatial expansion through the chronic accumulation of built add-ons, the new summer house is conceived as a form of "subtraction" from a single material volume containing sculptural voids. In this sense, the idea of going away on holiday is less about reinstating all of the material objects of city life, and more about the metaphor of shedding one's clothes in order to enjoy the tranquility of a home away from home.

▽建筑模型

建筑外墙给人一种统一感，隐去了中心的大型内部庭院。一条狭窄的单一通道将游客直接从前院引导到庭院，而另一条次要的双通道则从庭院通向场地另一端的泳池花园。中央庭院内，在橄榄树周围设置了较小玻璃面体量，提供主要的生活空间。这些门内衬有全高滑动玻璃门，将室内和室外空间融合在一起，同时控制从庭院一端到另一端的交通。当每扇滑动玻璃门都打开时，可提供最大的移动灵活性，从而形成一个单一的，不间断的户外空间链，该空间延伸覆盖至整个场地，仿佛将住宅一分为二。

Exterior walls give the appearance of a monolithic volume, concealing the existence of a large interior courtyard at the center. A single, narrow passage leads visitors directly from the front yard to the courtyard, while a secondary, twin passage leads from the courtyard to the pool garden at the opposite end of the plot. Within the central courtyard, smaller glass volumes positioned around the olive tree provide the main living spaces. These are lined with full-height sliding glass doors that merge indoor and outdoor space at the same time that they control circulation from one end of the courtyard to the other. Maximum flexibility of movement is provided when all sliding glass doors are open, including the front and back gates of the house, creating a single, uninterrupted chain of outdoor spaces that extends the entire length of the site, as if splitting the house into two.

▽内部庭院

▽楼梯

▽屋顶平台

建筑中的所有“私人”区域（包含卧室，浴室和服务区）都隐藏在一系列小洞穴状的空间中，外有沉重的外墙包围。与次要庭院配对，为密集的周边空间序列提供光线和孔隙率。客用翼楼独立于房屋运行，可通过一座带有古井的次级庭院出入。

All "private" areas within the program (bedrooms, bathrooms and service areas) are concealed within the heavy exterior walls in a series of small, cave-like spaces. These are paired with secondary courtyards that provide light and porosity to the dense sequence of perimeter spaces. A guest wing operates independently from the rest of the house and is accessed through its own secondary courtyard, which also contains an old well.

▽室内空间