鹿特丹“水上森林”观景点

在鹿特丹马斯河畔的Van Brienenoord岛的南侧，NEXT建筑事务所和H+N+S景观事务所共同设计了Maaspoints系列的第一个亮点：马斯河沿岸的特殊场所，项目旨在强化城市与河流、人与自然之间的关系。“水上森林”是该系列的第一个观景点，这是一座由钢管组成的森林，这两种元素冲突而和谐，沿着楼梯向上，可以远眺河流和鹿特丹天际线的景色，向下则可以体验与特定的周期性潮汐近距离接触。

On the south side of the island of Van Brienenoord in the Maas Rivier in Rotterdam, NEXT architects and H+N+S landscape architects have designed the first point in the Maaspoints series: special places along the Maas to strengthen the relationship between city and river and between people and nature. Water Woods, the first viewing point in the series, is designed as a forest of steel pipes that together form a contrast: the stairs going up lead to a panoramic view over the river and the skyline of Rotterdam, the stairs going down bring the visitor in close contact with the specific cyclical tides of the water.

马斯河是鹿特丹市的主要河流之一。它将城市与港口、海洋、欧洲和世界其他地区连接起来。这条河汇通南北，并将城市的社区分隔开。Maaspoints旨在加强城市居民与河流之间的关系，并成为潮汐公园更广阔视野的有力象征。每个Maaspoint都有自己的主题（从生态到体育和娱乐），但所有的Maaspoints在结构和概念上都有相似之处，形成了一个沿马斯河连接的网络。“水上森林”特别强调了马斯和独特的生物多样性，游客们可以通过各种综合繁殖和筑巢地点见证这一特性。

The Maas is an important river for the city of Rotterdam. It connects the city with the port, the sea, Europe, and the rest of the world. The river forms the connection between north and south and separates the neighbourhoods of the city. The Maaspoints are specifically designed to strengthen the relationship between the city’s residents and the river and stand as powerful symbols for the wider vision of the tidal park. Although each Maaspoint has its own theme (from ecology to sports and recreation), all Maaspoints share similarities in structure and concept, forming a network along the Maas. Water Woods specifically emphasises the unique biodiversity of the Maas. This becomes clearly visible for its visitors by the various integrated breeding and nesting sites.

▽Maaspoints系列项目规划

 “水上森林”为造访马斯河的游客带来了独特的体验。一方面，独特的全景视角将河流放在更广阔的视野中，与鹿特丹天际线，过往船只以及与港口和整个水域连通。另一方面，水上森林也为游客提供了更加丰富的体验。可以近距离观察水体的特定周期性生态，以及当地水生动植物的绝妙世界。

Water Woods allows visitors to experience the Maas in a unique way. On the one hand, the river is put in a wider perspective by the unique panoramic view; the location in relation to the Rotterdam skyline, the passing boats, and the connection with the harbour and the water as a whole. On the other hand, an experience in detail is offered. The specific cyclical ecology of the water can be seen up close, as well as the wonderful world of local aquatic flora and fauna.

“水上森林”的灵感来自鹿特丹市：其概念、建造、结构以及生态功能源于建造该建筑的Van Brienenoord岛。“水上森林”采用了当地常用的耐候钢管，并参考了鹿特丹港的工业传统。该结构由24个直径为600毫米的钢柱组成，通常用作系泊柱。其中16根位于水中，8根位于码头上。除6根承重桩外，其他桩均设有供当地动植物生长的凹槽。

Water Woods is inspired by the city of Rotterdam: the concept, construction, architecture, and ecological function derive directly from the specific characteristics of the island of Van Brienenoord, where the construction is built. The corten steel pipes used to build Water Woods are commonly used in the area and refer directly to the industrial tradition of the port of Rotterdam. The construction consists of 24 steel posts with a diameter of 600 mm, which are often used as mooring posts. Of these, 16 are in the water and eight on the quay. Six of the piles are load-bearing piles, the other piles are perforated with recesses for local flora and fauna.

▽“水上森林”结构细节

 “水上森林”是自然、包容的：该结构为当地三角洲的自然生态提供了庇护所，其设计旨在让游客体验潮汐流，并观察三角洲特有的物种，例如使用钢管作为栖息地的蜘蛛沼泽万寿菊和淡水贻贝。鸟类和蝙蝠在这里也有一席之地，它们在管道的顶部繁殖和筑巢。

Water Woods is nature-inclusive: the structure provides shelter for the local Delta nature. The structure is designed to allow visitors to experience the tidal currents and discover unique delta species, such as the spider marsh marigold and freshwater mussels that use the structure’s steel pipes as habitats. Birds and bats also have a place in Water Woods and can breed and nest at the top of the pipes.

▽“水上森林”设计概念

TYPE/PROGRAM: Landmark, lookout point
LOCATION: Rotterdam / NL
CLIENT: Van Oord – Marine Ingenuity
SIZE: 150 m2 (footprint) / 8 m (height)
COSTS: € 500.000
STATUS: Completed
PRELIMINARY DESIGN: November 2018
FINAL DESIGN: March 2019
START BUILDING: September 2019
COMPLETION: December 2019
DESIGN: NEXT architects
TEAM: Bart Reuser, Marijn Schenk, Michel Schreinemachers with Jorn Kooijstra, Bastiaan Luik
IN COLLABORATION WITH: H+N+S Landscape Architects
PHOTOGRAPHY: Artwork: NEXT architects and H+N+S landscape architects
                        Design logo: Rietveld communication
                        Animation: studio Tungsten

                        Photo: Jeroen Verrecht