光影玩家：湘南基督教堂

公司：	保坂猛建築都市設計事務所	类型：	建筑
地区：	日本	标签：	宗教空间 \| 教堂

项目坐落在一个绿色的住宅区内，距离湘南海滩只有10分钟的步行路程。住宅区内原本就拥有一个50年历史的教堂，但教堂实在太小了，因此决定在不同的地点建造一座新教堂。教会当局说：“我们希望有一个美丽的小教堂来赞美主。”

A protestant church stands at a rich green residential area which is 10-minutes away from Shonan beach on foot. The chapel of the 50-year old church became too small and it was therefore decided that a new church would be constructed on a different site. Church authorities said that the passages of the Bible are read and heard in service. Therefore, "We wish to have a chapel appropriate to give praise to the Lord.

六个屋顶

为了在低层住宅区实现协调，因此项目是一栋高度受限的单层建筑。通过六个不同高度的曲面屋顶，让自然光从天花板上倾泻而下，从而创造了一个祈祷和崇拜的空间。它传达了这样的信息：圣经创世中有六个屋顶代表创世的六日，弥撒庆祝第七天。

Six roofs

The architectural design was a one-storied building with a restrained height so that it could harmonize in a low-rise residential area. It was aimed at creating a space appropriate to prayer and worship with the six curved surfaced roofs at different heights. This allows natural light to pour down from the ceiling. It conveys the message that six roofs represent the six days of Creation in the Bible genesis and Mass celebrates the seventh day.

直射或间接光照取决于一天中的时间

在做礼拜的期间，教堂内没有阳光直射，而在其余时间中有。建筑被设计成为一定时间内接收适量的间接光的空间。在长达12个月的设计周期内，设计师们使用计算机软件以30分钟为间隔模拟光，并根据一天中的时间对其进行控制。在一年的每一天，都会有一个柔和的光线下的空间。每当礼拜接近尾声时，第一束直射的阳光才倾斜到屋子里，大约3点左右，光线会像雨点一样落满屋子，创造了一个充满活力的环境。

Direct sunlight and indirect light are regulated depending on the time of the day

At the time of service there was no direct exposure to sunlight, whereas the rest of the time there was. Therefore, this construction was designed to receive an appropriate amount of indirect light during service time. So, light was simulated using computer software at intervals of 30 minutes on the designed days during 12 months and manipulated depending on the time of the day. There would be a space under a soft light at the time of service throughout the year. Towards the end of the service, direct sunlight begins to draw a ray of light on the wall surface. In the afternoon there is only one line of direct sunlight, and around 3 o’clock light comes in like a shower, creating a dynamic environment.

声和光的结构

小礼拜堂裸露的钢筋混凝土墙上，随机节奏地雕刻出不均匀的纵肋，肋间放置了深灰色的隔音板，旨在使用凹面回声板，使教徒们更容易听到牧师的布道和圣经阅读，同时并增强了教会音乐的音量。随机放置肋骨节距可减少颤振回波，由于与深灰色的凹面形成对比，直接照射在凸面上的浅灰色光线显得格外突出。基于现代教堂建设必须提供一个方便圣经阅读的空间的想法，我们想到我们应该实现阳光直射穿过黑暗的空间。

Stiffening Ribs of sound and light

Uneven longitudinal ribs were carved at a random rhythm on the exposed RC concrete wall of the chapel, and dark gray acoustic boards were placed between the ribs. A solution to the requirement was reached by achieving balance. This was possible using concave acoustic boards to make it easier to hear the priest’s sermon and Bible Readings, and improved the sound of ecclesiastical music such as hymns with RC convex surfaces. Flutter echo was reduced by rib pitches placed at random. A light grey light shines directly on the convex surface stands out due to its contrast with the dark grey concave surface. Based on the idea that modern church construction has to provide a space that facilitates the Bible Readings, it came to our minds we should achieve direct sunlight shining through a dark space.

直射月光

在湘南的天空下，我们可以参加礼拜，阅读和聆听圣经的话语，下午有机会在充满活力的直射阳光下的空间祈祷。满月的夜晚，直接的月光透过漆黑的礼拜堂。我们希望这种时空观能与当地的自然和风景相协调，人们会逐渐喜欢上这个空间设。

Direct moonlight

Under the sky of Shonan, we can participate in a service, read and hear the words of the Bible and have the opportunity to pray in a space under dynamic direct sun light in the afternoon. Direct moonlight shines through the pitch-black chapel at night during full moon. We hope the conception of time and space will harmonize with the local nature and scenery and people will gradually come to love the construction.

户外陶俑十字

古屋牧师在以前的教堂里亲手捡起了5公斤的沙子，用它做了一个陶俑十字架。这是因为他想强调蜀南基督教教会50年的历史和会众的愿望。

Outdoor terra-cotta cross

Reverend Furuya picked up 5KG of sand with his own hands in the premises of the previous church and used it to make a terra-cotta cross. This is because he wanted to emphasize the 50 years of the Christian church of Shonan and desires of the congregation.

露天雨水槽

在圆弧的最低点的外墙上开了一条缝，以形成敞开的雨水沟。因此，看到雨水流过排水沟可能是一件令人愉快的事情，尽管周边松叶很多，但并不会堵塞排水沟。

Open rainwater gutter

Slits were made on the outside wall at the lowest point of circular arcs to create open rain gutter. As a result, it could be enjoyable to see rain flow through the gutters, and despite the abundance of pine leaves, these do not block the gutters.

阳光直射和祈祷

阳光直射以不同的方式改变了教堂的空间，为教徒创造了完美的环境。仪式结束后，这里变成了一个供少数人祈祷的空间，整个下午都有一到两三缕阳光照耀着。

Direct sunlight and prayer

Direct sunlight alters the space in the church in different ways creating the perfect environment for player. After the service, it becomes a space for a prayer for a small number of people and one to two or three rays of sunlight shine throughout afternoon.

间接光照

人们在中朗读《圣经》，聆听弥撒时是不适合暴露在阳光直射下的，该空间被设计为在上午10：30开始的服务期间接收间接光，至凌晨12：00。

Indirect light and service

The passages of the Bible are read, and heard in Mass. It is inappropriate for the Bible and people to be exposed to direct sunlight during service. Indirect light is appropriate for service. The space was designed to receive indirect light during services from 10:30 a.m. to 12:00 a.m.

教堂的下午

当赞美诗唱到仪式接近尾声时，只有一缕薄薄的直射阳光透过礼拜堂。

Chapel afternoon

Only one thin ray of direct sunlight shines through the chapel when the hymn is sung towards the end of service

瓷砖

在六个屋顶下的南北墙壁上引入了关于创世纪的瓷砖，展示了在为期六天的创世纪期间上帝之手的图案。未烘焙的瓷砖上刻有创世纪的原始图片，并逐一烘焙。瓷砖的颜色是半透明的浅蓝色，灵感来自早晨的薄雾。根据方位的不同，这六天的照片在设计上略有不同。不仅在礼拜堂，而且在休息室、儿童休息室和牧师休息室等不同的房间里都能找到照片，这增加了人们的乐趣。

The Creation relief tiles

Relief tiles about the creation showing motifs of the hand of God during the six-day Genesis were introduced in the north-south walls under the six roofs. Unbaked tiles were engraved with original pictures from the Genesis and baked one by one. The color of the tiles is a semi-transparent light blue inspired by the morning haze. The pictures of the six days were slightly different in design depending on orientation. Finding pictures not only in the chapel but also in various rooms including the rest room, kid’s room, and pastor’s room added to the enjoyment.